tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-61669422855960509472024-03-14T11:14:03.588+07:00Laporan Praktek LEO Zuqi wardana ' 09Zuqihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17970489200455384214noreply@blogger.comBlogger7125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6166942285596050947.post-2074337332129958642012-01-21T22:24:00.000+07:002017-11-07T19:05:16.300+07:00SISTIM PENGAPIAN ELEKTRONIK<br />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">SISTIM
PENGAPIAN ELEKTRONIK</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Sistem pengapian ini
memanfaatkan transistor untuk memutus dan mengalirkan arus primer koil. Jika
pada sistem pengapian konvensional pemutusan arus primer koil dilakukan secara
mekanis dengan membuka dan menutup kontak pemutus, maka pada sistem pengapian
elektronik pemutusan arus primer koil dilakukan secara elektronis melalui suatu
power transistor yang difungsikan sebagai saklar (<i>switching transistor</i>).</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Sistem
Pengapian Semi Elektronik</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Sistem
pengapian semi elektronik adalah sistem pengapian yang proses pemutusan arus
primer koil menggunakan transistor, tetapi masih menggunakan kontak pemutus
sebagai pengontrol kerja transistor. Pada sistem ini kontak pemutus hanya
dilewati arus yang sangat kecil sehingga tidak terjadi percikan api pada
kontakkontaknya dan efek baiknya adalah kontak pemutus awet dan tidak cepat
aus. Kontak pemutus ini hanya digunakan untuk mengalirkan arus basis pada
transistor yang sangat kecil jika dibandingkan dengan langsung digunakan untuk
memutus arus primer koil seperti pada sistem pengapian konvnesional.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Apabila kontak pemutus
tertutup, maka arus dari positif baterai mengalir ke kaki emitor E transistor,
ke kaki basis B, ke kontak pemutus, kemudian ke massa. Aliran arus ke kaki
basis ini menyebabkan transistor ON sehingga kaki emitor dan kolektor dari
transistor terhubung. ON-nya transistor ini menyebabkan arus mengalir juga
(perhatikan gambar di bawah) dari baterai ke kaki emitor E, ke kaki kolektor C,
ke kumparan primer koil, kemudian ke massa. Aliran arus ini menyebabkan
terjadinya medan megnet pada koil.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Cam selalu berputar
pada saat mesin hidup, sehingga pada saat tertentu cam akan mendorong kontak
pemutus. Dorongan cam ini menyebabkan kontak terbuka dan arus primer koil
dengan cepat terhenti sehingga medan magnet yang tadi terbentuk dengan cepat
hilang. Perubahan garis-garis gaya magnet yang sangat cepat ini menyebabkan
terjadinya tegangan tinggi pada kumparan sekunder koil yang kemudian diteruskan
ke busi melalui distributor. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Dengan demikian pada
elektroda busi akan terjadi percikan bunga api yang digunakan untuk membakar campuran
udara bahan bakar di dalam ruang bakar.</span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Sistem
Pengapian Full Elektronik</span></b></div>
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<span style="height: 171px; left: 0px; margin-left: 95px; margin-top: 121px; position: absolute; width: 423px; z-index: 4;"><img height="171" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image008.gif" width="423" /></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Sistem pengapian full
elektronik adalah pengembangan dari sistem pengapian semi transistor. Pada
sistem pengapian semi transistor sinyal untuk memicu kerja transistor berasal
dari kontak pemutus sedangkan pada sistem pengapian <i>full transistor </i>sinyal
pemicu kerja transistor berasal dari sinyal generator yang menghasilkan
tegangan ON dan OFF. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Rangkaian elektronik
pada sistem pengapian ini terbagi menjadi tiga bagian, yaitu bagian penghasil
pulsa (<i>pulse generator</i>), bagian penguat pulsa (<i>amplifier</i>), dan
bagian transistor daya yang berfungsi sebagai saklar. Generator pulsa berfungsi
untuk menghasilkan sinyal tegangan untuk mengontrol kerja transistor. Sinyal
tegangan ini biasanya dihasilkan dari beberapa macam, yaitu tipe induktif
(medan magnet dan kumparan), tipe efek Hall (semikonduktor dan magnet), dan
model infra merah atau model cahaya. Sinyal tegangan yang dihasilkan masih
sangat lemah sehingga tidak bisa langsung dimanfaatkan untuk memicu kerja
transistor sehingga perlu dikuatkan olah bagian penguat. Sinyal tegangan yang
sudah kuat kemudian digunakan untuk memicu transistor sehingga dapat bekerja ON
dan OFF untuk mengalirkan dan memutus arus primer koil.</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">A.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Tipe
Induktif</span></b></div>
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<span style="height: 199px; left: 0px; margin-left: 118px; margin-top: 135px; position: absolute; width: 436px; z-index: -4;"><img height="199" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image010.gif" width="436" /></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Sistem pengapian dengan
pembangkit pulsa model induktif terdiri dari penghasil pulsa, ignitier, koil,
distributor dan komponen pelengkap lainnya. Sistem pembangkit pulsa induktif
terdiri dari kumparan pembangkit pulsa (<i>pick up coil</i>), magnet permanen,
dan rotor pengarah medan magnet. Secara sederhana rangkaian sistem pengapian
ini digambarkan seperti skema berikut.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1)<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pada
saat mesin mati</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pada
saat kunci kontak ON arus mengalir menuju titik P. Besarnya tegangan pada titik
ini (yang diatur oleh pembagi tegangan R1 dan R2) berada di bawah tegangan
basis yang diperlukan untuk mengaktifkan transistor (melalui <i>pick up coil</i>).
Hal ini menyebabkan transistor tidak aktif (<i>OFF</i>) selama <i>engine </i>mati
sehingga tidak terjadi aliran arus pada kumparan primer koil.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2)<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pada
saat mesin hidup </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Saat
mesin sudah hidup, rotor sinyal berputar (mendekati <i>pick up coil</i>) dan
menyebabkan terjadinya pulsa tegangan AC pada <i>pick up coil</i>. Bila
tegangan yang dihasilkan adalah positif, maka tegangan ini ditambahkan dengan
tegangan yang terdapat pada titik P sehingga tegangan di titik Q naik dan
besarnya melebihi tegangan basis transistor. Adanya arus basis ini menyebabkan
transistor menjadi aktif (<i>ON</i>) sehingga kaki kolektor dan emitornya
terhubung yang menyebabkan arus dari baterai mengalir ke kunci kontak, ke
kumparan primer koil, ke kaki kolektor, ke emitor, kemudian ke massa. Aliran
arus ke kumparan primer koil ini menyebabkan terjadinya medan magnet pada koil.
Rotor selalu berputar, sehingga pada saat gigi rotor meninggalkan <i>pick up
coil </i>terjadi tegangan AC dengan polaritas berbeda (negatif). Tegangan ini
jika ditambahkan dengan tegangan yang terdapat dalam titik P menjadi tegangan
yang besarnya di bawah tegangan kerja transistor. Akibatnya adalah transistor
menjadi tidak aktif (<i>OFF</i>) dan antara kaki kolektor dan emitor transistor
menjadi tidak terhubung. Hal ini menyebabkan aliran arus primer dengan cepat
berhenti dan medan magnet pada koil dengan cepat berubah (<i>collapse</i>).
Perubahan garis gaya magnet dengan cepat ini menyebabkan terjadinya tegangan
induksi pada kumparan sekunder. Tegangan tinggi ini diteruskan ke distributor
dan dibagikan ke tiap-tiap busi sesuai dengan urutan penyalaan (<i>firing order</i>).</span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">B.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Tipe
Half Effect</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pembangkit pulsa untuk mengaktifkan
power transistor dengan model <i>hall effect </i>digambarkan sebagai berikut: </span></div>
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</div>
<table align="left" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td height="12" width="103"><br /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br /></td>
<td><img height="201" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image012.gif" width="400" /></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
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<br />
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Apabila bahan semikonduktor dialiri arus
listrik dari sisi kiri ke kanan dansemikonduktor tersebut berada dalam suatu
medan magnet, maka pada arah tegak lurus terhadap aliran arus itu akan timbul
tegangan yang disebut dengan tegangan Hall Vh (Hall adalah nama ilmuwan yang
meneliti fenomena tersebut). Apabila medanmagnet yang berada di sekitar
semikonduktor tersebut dihilangkan, maka tegangan yang tegak lurus terhadap
aliran arus itu juga akan hilang. Pada gambar 9.45, medan magnet dihalangi oleh
plat logam sehingga tidak melewati semi konduktor, dalam hal ini Vh = 0. Bila
bilah logam dihilangkan, maka medan magnet dapat melewati semikonduktor dan Vh
≠ 0. Bila bilah logam itu secara teratur melintasi medan magnet maka pada
tegangan Hall akan muncul dan hilang membentuk pulsa tegangan kotakkotak. Pulsa
inilah yang digunakan untuk mentriger rangkaian transistor untuk memutus dan
mengalirkan arus primer koil.</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">C.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Sistem
Pengapian Model Iluminasi / Cahaya</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pada sistem
pengapian iluminasi, cahaya dimanfaatkan untuk mengaktifkan dan menonaktifkan
phototransistor sehingga menghasilkan sinyal yang kemudian diperkuat oleh
bagian amplifier untuk power transistor. Pada saat power transistor ON, arus
mengalir melalui kumparan primer koil sehingga terbentuk medan magnet pada koil.
Pada saat transistor OFF, arus primer terputus sehingga medan magnet dengan cepat
hilang yang menyebabkan terjadinya induksi tegangan tinggi pada kumparan sekunder
koil. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="height: 187px; left: 0px; margin-left: 57px; margin-top: 1px; position: absolute; width: 536px; z-index: -2;"><img height="187" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image014.gif" width="536" /></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br />
<br />
<br />
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Sumber cahaya bisanya berasal dari dioda
bercahaya yang menghasilkan sinar infra merah, dan cahaya tersebut diterima
oleh phototransistor yang dapat aktif atau bekerja apabila terkena cahaya.
Untuk menghalangi cahaya agar phototransistor OFF, digunakan rotor yang
berbentuk bilah-bilah dengan lebar coakan / celah sebesar sudut dwell. Bila
cahaya tidak terhalangi dan mengenai phototransistor, (hal ini identik dengan
saat kontak pemutus tertutup pada sistem pengapian konvensional), atau saat
terjadi aliran arus pada kumparan primer koil. Saat cahaya terhalangi oleh
bilah rotor, identik dengan kontak pemutus terbuka dan arus primer koil
terputus.</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">D.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Sistem
Pengapian CDI</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kepanjangan dari
CDI adalah <i>Capasitive Discharge Ignition</i>, yaitu sistem pengapian yang
bekerja berdasarkan pembuangan muatan kapasitor. Konsep kerja sistem pengapian
CDI berbeda dengan sistem pengapian penyimpan induktif (<i>inductive storage
system</i>). Pada sistem CDI, koil masih digunakan tetapi fungsinya hanya
sebagai transformator tegangan tinggi, tidak untuk menyimpan energi. Sebagai pengganti,
sebuah kapasitor digunakan sebagai penyimpan energi. Dalam sistem ini kapasitor
diisi (<i>charged</i>) dengan tegangan tinggi sekitar 300 V sampai 500 V, dan pada
saat sistem bekerja (<i>triggered</i>), kapasitor tersebut membuang (<i>discharge</i>)
energinya ke kumparan primer koil pengapian. Koil tersebut menaikan tegangan
(dari pembuangan muatan kapasitor) menjadi tegangan yang lebih tinggi pada
kumparan sekunder untuk menghasilkan percikan api pada busi. Saat bekerja,
kapasitor dalam sistem pengapian ini secara periodik diisi oleh bagian pengisi
(<i>charging device</i>) dan kemudian muatannya dibuang ke kumparan primer koil
untuk menghasilkan tegangan tinggi. </span></div>
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<span style="height: 243px; left: 0px; margin-left: 113px; margin-top: 2px; position: absolute; width: 435px; z-index: -1;"><img height="243" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image016.gif" width="435" /></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arialmt" , "sans-serif";">Gambar
Diagram blok sistem pengapian CDI</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Secara sederhana sistem pengapian CDI
digambarkan dengan skema seperti pada gambar di atas, dan rangkaian tersebut
jika dikelompokkan menjadi elemenelemen yang lebih kecil sesuai dengan kerjanya
masing-masing maka dapat dikelompokkan menjadi enam blok seperti pada gambar.
Keenam bagian utama dari sistem pengapian CDI tersebut dapat dijelaskan sebagai
berikut:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">a.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Converter DC ke DC. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Bagian
ini berfungsi untuk mensuplai tegangan untuk pengisian kapasitor. Bagian ini
pada prinsipnya terdiri dari rangkaian pengubah arus searah (DC) dari baterai
menjadi (seolah-olah) arus bolak-balik (AC) dengan rangkaian <i>flip-flop. </i>Arus
AC yang dihasilkan kemudian dinaikan tegangannya oleh transformator <i>step up </i>menjadi
sekitar 300 sampai 500 Volt dan kemudian disearahkan kembali dengan dioda
sistem jembatan. Tegangan tinggi inilah yang digunakan untuk mengisi kapasitor.
Secara sederhana dapat dijelaskan bahwa bagian ini berfungsi untuk mengubah
arus DC menjadi AC kemudian dinaikan tegangannya dan kemudian disearahkan
kembali menjadi DC.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">b.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kapasitor berfungsi untuk menyimpan
energi listrik yang disuplai oleh Konverter DC ke DC.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">c.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Generator pulsa<i> </i>berfungsi sebagai
pemicu (<i>trigger</i>) atau penghasil sinyal untuk mengaktifkan <i>thyristor</i>.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">d.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Penguat pulsa (<i>Amplifier</i>)
berfungsi sebagai penguat sinyal yang dihasilkan oleh bagian pembangkit sinyal
sehingga sinyal tersebut cukup kuat untuk mengaktifkan <i>thyristor</i>.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">e.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Saklar thyristor (<i>Thyristor switch</i>)
berfungsi untuk mengalirkan energi dari
kapasitor ke koil pengapian. Thyristor ini merupakan komponen semikonduktor
yang akan bekerja (ON) oleh adanya pulsa tegangan pada kaki <i>gate-</i>nya.
Pada saat distributor berputar, pulsa tegangan dihasilkan oleh <i>pick up</i> <i>coil</i>.
Pulsa ini dikuatkan oleh <i>amplifier </i>untuk kemudian meng-<i>ON</i>-kan <i>thyristor</i>.
Pada saat <i>ON </i>inilah kapasitor mengeluarkan energinya ke kumparan primer
koil. Kemudian <i>thyristor </i>kembali OFF dan kapasitor terisi kembali.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">f.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Koil berfungsi sebagai transformator yang menghasilkan
tegangan tinggi untuk disalurkan ke busi.</span></div>
Zuqihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17970489200455384214noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6166942285596050947.post-65921704151403502062012-01-21T22:22:00.001+07:002017-11-07T19:05:43.714+07:00SISTEM STARTER<!--[if !mso]>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">SISTEM STARTER</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sistem starter adalah sistem yang memberikan tenaga
awal untuk menghidupkan mesin. Beberapa komponen yang ada pada motor starter di
antaranya adalah baterai, kunci kontak, saklar netral pada transmisi (hanya
pada model tertentu), saklar magnetik / solenoid (<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">magnetic switch</span>), dan motor starter.</span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">( Gambar
Bagian-bagian Motor Starter Tipe Konvensional )</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cara Kerja
Sistem Starter Konvensional</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kerja
sistem starter ini terbagi menjadi tiga keadaan, yaitu saat kunci kontak pada
posisi posisi <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">start </span>(ST), saat
gigi pinion berhubungan dengan gigi pada roda penerus (<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">flywheel</span>), dan saat kunci kontak kembali pada posisi ON atau IG.
Berikut dijelaskan cara kerja sistem starter pada tiap posisi.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Saat kunci kontak posisi <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">start </span>(ST)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kunci
kontak (<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">ignition switch</span>) yang
diputar pada posisi <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">start </span>menyebabkan
terjadinya aliran arus ke kumparan penarik (<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">pull-in coil</span>) dan ke kumparan penahan (<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">hold-in coil</span>) yang secara bersamaan. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Berikut adalah aliran
arus ke masing-masing kumparan tersebut:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Arus
dari baterai mengalir ke kunci kontak → terminal 50 pada solenoid → kumparan <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">pull-in coil </span>→ terminal C → kumparan
medan (<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">field coil</span>) → sikat
positif → kumparan armatur → sikat negatif → massa </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
terbentuk medan magnet pada kumparan <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">pull-in
coil</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Arus
dari baterai mengalir ke kunci kontak → terminal 50 pada solenoid → kumparan <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">hold-in coil </span>→ massa </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
terbentuk medan magnet pada kumparan <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">hold-in
coil.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Aliran
arus pada kumparan <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">pull-in coil </span>dan
kumparan <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">hold-in coil </span>menyebabkan
terjadinya kemagnetan pada kedua kumparan tersebut. Letak punyer di<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"> </span>dalam solenoid yang tidak simetris
atau tidak berada di tengah kumparan,<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"> </span>menyebabkan
plunyer tertarik dan bergerak ke kanan melawan tekanan pegas<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"> </span>pengembali (<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">return spring</span>). Karena ada aliran arus (kecil) dari <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">pull-in coil </span>ke kumparan<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"> </span>medan dan ke kumparan armatur, maka
medan magnet yang terbentuk pada<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"> </span>kumparan
medan dan armatur lemah sehingga motor starter berputar lambat. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pada<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"> </span>saat plunyer tertarik, tuas
penggerak (<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">drive lever</span>) yang
terpasang pada ujung plunyer<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"> </span>juga
akan tertarik ke arah kanan. Bagian tengah tuas penggerak terdapat baut yang berfungsi
sebagai engsel sehingga tuas penggerak bagian bawah yang berkaitan dengan
kopling starter (<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">starter clutch</span>)
bergerak ke kiri mendorong gigi pinion agar berkaitan dengan <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">ring gear</span>. Pada kondisi plunyer
tertarik (plat kontak belum menempel), motor starter berputar lambat. Putaran
lambat ini membantu gigi pinion agar mudah masuk atau berkaitan dengan <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">ring gear</span>.<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"></span></span></div>
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</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Saat gigi
pinion berhubungan dengan <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">ring gear</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Plunyer
bergerak ke kanan pada saat kumparan <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">pull-in
coil </span>dan kumparan <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">hold-in coil </span>menghasilkan
medan magnet. Gerakan ini menyebabkan gigi pinion berkaitan penuh dengan <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">ring gear </span>dan plat kontak pada bagian
ujung kanan plunyer menempel dengan terminal utama pada solenoid sehingga
terminal 30 dan terminal C terhubung. Arus yang besar dapat mengalir melewati
kedua terminal tersebut. Pada keadaan ini tegangan di terminal 50 sama dengan
tegangan di terminal 30 dan terminal C. Karena tegangan di terminal C sama
dengan tegangan di terminal 50, maka tidak ada arus yang mengalir ke kumparan <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">pull-in coil </span>dan kemagnetan di kumparan
tersebut hilang<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">. </span>Secara rinci
aliran arus pada keadaan ini dijelaskann sebagai berikut.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Arus
dari baterai mengalir ke terminal 50 → kumparan <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">hold-in coil </span>→ massa</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">terbentuk
medan magnet pada kumparan <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">hold-in
coil.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Arus
yang besar dari baterai mengalir ke terminal 30 → plat kontak → terminal C →
kumparan medan → sikat positif → komutator → kumparan armatur → sikat negatif →
massa </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
terbentuk medan magnet yang sangat kuat pada kumparan medan dan kumparan
armatur, motor starter berputar.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Aliran
arus yang besar melalui kumparan medan dan kumparan armatur menyebabkan
terjadinya medan magnet yang sangat kuat sehingga motor starter berputar cepat
dan menghasilkan tenaga yang besar untuk memutarkan mesin.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Medan magnet pada
kumparan <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">pull-in coil </span>dalam
kondisi ini tidak terbentuk karena arus tidak mengalir ke kumparan tersebut.
Selama motor starter berputar plat kontak harus selalu dalam kondisi menempel
dengan terminal utama pada solenoid. Oleh sebab itu, pada kondisi ini kumparan <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">hold-in coil </span>tetap dialiri arus
listrik sehingga medan magnet yang terbentuk pada kumparan tersebut mampu
menahan plunyer dan plat kontak tetap menempel. Dengan demikian, meskipun
kumparan pada <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">pull-in coil</span> kemagnetannya
hilang, plunyer masih dalam kondisi tertahan.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Saat kunci kontak kembali ke posisi ON (IG)</span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 43.65pt;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Setelah
mesin hidup, maka kunci kontak dilepas dan posisinya kembali ke posisi ON atau
posisi IG (<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">ignition</span>). Namun
demikian sesaat setelah kunci kontak di lepas, plat kontak masih dalam kondisi
menempel. Pada keadaan ini terminal 50 tidak akan mendapatkan lagi arus listrik
dari baterai. Aliran arus listrik pada kondisi ini dijelaskan sebagai berikut.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Arus
dari baterai mengalir ke terminal 30 → plat kontak → terminal C → kumparan
medan → sikat positif → komutator → kumparan armatur → sikat negatif → massa </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
masih terbentuk medan magnet yang sangat kuat pada kumparan medan dan kumparan
armatur, motor starter masih berputar.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Arus
dari baterai mengalir ke terminal 30 → plat kontak → terminal C → kumparan <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">pull-in coil </span>→ kumparan <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">hold-in coil </span>→ massa </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
kumparan <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">pull-in coil </span>dan
kumparan <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">hold-in coil </span>menghasilkan
medan magnet, namun arahnya berlawanan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Seperti dijelaskan pada
aliran arus nomor (1), motor starter masih dialiri arus yang besar sehingga
pada saat ini motor starter masih berputar. Aliran arus seperti yang dijelaskan
pada nomor (2) terjadi juga pada kumparan <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">pull-in coil </span>dan kumparan <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">hold-in
coil</span>. Dari penjelasan pada gambar tampak bahwa aliran arus dari terminal
C ke kumparan <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">pull-in coil </span>dan
kumparan <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">holdin</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">coil </span>arahnya berlawanan sehingga
medan magnet yang dihasilkan juga akan berlawanan arah kutubnya sehingga
terjadi demagnetisasi atau saling menghilangkan medan magnet yang terbentuk
oleh kedua kumparan tersebut. Akibatnya, tidak ada kekuatan medan magnet yang
dapat menahan plunyer sehingga plunyer akan bergerak ke kiri dan kembali ke
posisi semula sehingga plat kontak terlepas dari terminal 30 dan terminal C.
Arus yang besar akan berhenti mengalir dan motor starter berhenti berputar.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Trouble Shooting</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Beberapa
gejala gangguan, penyebab gangguan, dan tidakan yang perlu dilakukan pada
sistem starter adalah sebagai berikut.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 148.25pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Gejala<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"></span></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 149.6pt;" valign="top" width="199"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kemungkinan penyebab</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 150.05pt;" valign="top" width="200"><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tindakan</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 148.25pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mesin tidak
berputar</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 149.6pt;" valign="top" width="199"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Baterai
sudah mati</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Fusible link
sudah rusak</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Ada
sambungan yang lepas</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">atau kendur</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Kerusakan
pada kunci</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">kontak</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Kerusakan
pada solenoid,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">relay, saklar
netral atau</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">saklar kopling</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Kerusakan
mekanis pada</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">mesin<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"></span></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 150.05pt;" valign="top" width="200"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Periksa
keadaan baterai</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Ganti
fusible link</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Bersihkan
dan kencangkan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">sambungannya</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Periksa
kunci kontak, ganti</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">jika
diperlukan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Periksa
bagian-bagiannya,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">ganti bila
perlu</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">• Periksa mesin<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"></span></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 148.25pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mesin berputar
lambat</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 149.6pt;" valign="top" width="199"><div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">• Baterai lemah</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Sambungan
kendor atau</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">berkarat</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Kerusakan
pada motor</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">starter</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Ada masalah
mekanis pada</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">mesin atau motor starter</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 150.05pt;" valign="top" width="200"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Periksa
baterai, ganti jika</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Diperlukan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Bersihkan
dan kencangkan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">sambungan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Periksa dan
lakukan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">pengujian
motor starter</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Cek mesin
dan starter, ganti</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">komponen yang rusak</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 148.25pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Starter</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">berputar</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">terus<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"></span></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 149.6pt;" valign="top" width="199"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Kerusakan
gigi pinion atau</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">ring gear</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Kerusakan
plunyer pada</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">solenoid</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Kerusakan
kunci kontak atau</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">rangkaian
kontrolnya</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">• Kunci kontak macet<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"></span></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 150.05pt;" valign="top" width="200"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Periksa gigi
pinion dan ring</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">gear dari
keausan atau</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">kerusakan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Periksa dan
Tes pull-in dan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">hold-in coil</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Periksa
kunci kontak dan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">rangkaiannya</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">• Cek kunci kontak<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"></span></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 148.25pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Starter</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">berputar</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">tetapi mesin</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">tidak</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">berputar<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"></span></span></div>
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<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 149.6pt;" valign="top" width="199"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Kerusakan
pada kopling</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">starter</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Kerusakan
atau keausan</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">gigi pinion dan ring gear<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"></span></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 150.05pt;" valign="top" width="200"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Periksa
kopling starter,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">periksa
kerjanya</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Cek roda
gigi dari keausan</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">dan kerusakan<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"></span></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 148.25pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Starter tidak</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">dapat</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">berkaitan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">atau lepas</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">dengan</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">lembut<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"></span></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 149.6pt;" valign="top" width="199"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Kerusakan
pada solenoid</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Pinion gear
atau ring gear</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">aus<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"></span></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 150.05pt;" valign="top" width="200"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Periksa dan
ganti jika perlu</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">• Cek roda
gigi dari kerusakan</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">dan keausan, ganti jika pe<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"></span></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">KESIMPULAN</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.8pt;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sistem
starter bekerja untuk mengubah energi listrik dari baterai menjadi energi gerak
(mekanik/putaran). Komponen utama untuk mengubah energi listrik menjadi energi
mekanik adalah motor listrik. Motor starter terdiri dari dua bagian utama,
yaitu bagian motor listrik, dan bagian saklar magnetik atas solenoid. Motor
merupakan bagian dari sistem starter yang berfungsi untuk mengubah energi
listrik menjadi energi gerak (putar). Bagianbagian utama motor starter
konvensional ini adalah solenoid, bagian motor terdiri dari armatur, kumparan
medan, kopling starter, gigi pinion, tuas penggerak, komutator, dan rumah
starter. Solenoid merupakan bagian pengontrol kerja dari motor starter.
Bagianbagian dari solenoid yaitu terminal-terminal solenoid (terminal 30,
terminal 50 dan terminal C pada model tertentu kadang terdapat terminal B),
plat kontak, kumparan <i>pull-in coil</i>, kumparan <i>hold-in coil</i>,
plunyer, pegas pengembali, pengait tuas penggerak (<i>stud bolt</i>), dan bodi
solenoid. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.8pt;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Motor
starter terdiri dari beberapa model, yaitu tipe konvensional, tipe reduksi, tipe
planetari, dan tipe magnet permanen. Meskipun tipenya berbeda, namun kerja motor
starter pada prinsipnya sama saja. Pengujian yang dilakukan pada motor starter terdiri
dari pengujian kumparan pull-in coil, hole in coil, dan pengujian tanpa beban.</span></div>
<br />Zuqihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17970489200455384214noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6166942285596050947.post-77316084389967936242012-01-21T21:34:00.001+07:002017-11-07T19:06:57.109+07:00SISTEM PENGISIAN<!--[if !mso]>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">SISTEM PENGISIAN</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sistem pengisian berfungsi untuk mengisi kembali
baterai, dan <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>mensuplai arus listrik ke
seluruh sistem kelistrikan setelah mesin hidup. Komponen –komponen pada sistem
pengisian terdiri dari baterai, kunci kontak, alternator, dan regulator.
Alternator berfungsi untuk mengubah energi gerak menjadi energi listrik.
Tegangan yang dihasilkan oleh alternator bervariasi tergantung dari kecepatan
putaran dan besarnya beban. Karena tegangan alternator bervariasi akibat
putaran, maka digunakan regulator yang berfungsi untuk menjaga tegangan output
alternator tetap konstan dengan mengatur besar kecilnya arus listrik atau kuat
lemahnya medan magnet pada kumparan roto (<i>rotor coil</i>). Regulator ada dua
macam, pertama tipe konvensional atau tipe kontak point, kedua tipe regulator
IC.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Komponen
Sistem Pengisian Konvensional</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sistem
pengisian tipe konvensional adalah sistem pengisian yang pengaturan output
alternator dilakukan dengan regulator model konvensional (tipe kontak poin) yang
bekerja berdasarkan medan magnet pada kumparan regulator untuk mengatur arus
listrik yang mengalir ke kumparan rotor (<i>rotor coil</i>) sehingga kuat
lemahnya medan magnet pada kumparan tersebut dapat diatur sesuai kebutuhan.
Komponen utama sistem pengisian konvensional antara lain:</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br />
<br />
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">(Gambar Komponen Utama sistem Pengisian Konvensional)</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">A.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Baterai</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Baterai dalam sistem
pengis ian berfungsi untuk memberikan energi listrik pada sistem pengisian
terutama untuk menghasilkan medan magnet pada <i>rotor coil </i>di dalam alternator
pada saat mesin belum hidup. Setelah mesin hidup, baterai berfungsi untuk
menyimpan energi listrik. Jika beban listrik yang bekerja pada kendaraan melebihi
kemampuan alternator dalam menghasilkan energi listrik, maka baterai akan memberikan
energi listrik tambahan untuk memenuhi kekurangan energi listrik dari
alternator.</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">B.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kunci
Kontak</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kunci kontak pada
sistem pengisian berfungsi untuk menghidupkan dan mematikan sistem pengisian
atau menghubungkan dan memutuskan arus listrik yang masuk ke <i>rotor coil </i>pada
alternator.</span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">C.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Alternator</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></b></div>
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<span style="height: 249px; left: 0px; margin-left: 77px; margin-top: 27px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 370px; z-index: -15;"><img height="249" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif" width="370" /></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Alternator berfungsi
untuk mengubah energi mekanik (putar) menjadi energi listrik.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">(Gambar Komponen-komponen
Altenator)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Fungsi masing-masing
komponen alternator adalah sebagai berikut.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Puli,
berfungsi untuk meneruskan tenaga putar dari poros engkol (melalui tali kipas) ke
poros alternator (rotor).</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kipas,
berfungsi untuk mendinginkan komponen -komponen yang ada di dalam alternator.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Spacer,
berfungsi untuk memberi jarak antara kipas dan bantalan sehingga kipas tidak
menggesek rangka depan.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Rangka
depan dan belakang, berfungsi untuk dudukan bantalan depan dan belakang serta
sebagai penutup bagian depan dan belakang alternator.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Bantalan
atau <i>bearing</i>, berfungsi untuk mengurangi gesekan antara poros rotor dengan
rumah depan dan rumah belakang alternator.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kumparan
rotor (<i>rotor coil</i>), berfungsi untuk menghasi lkan medan magnet pada alternator.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kumparan
stator (<i>stator coil</i>), berfungsi untuk membangkitkan tegangan bolak
-balik (AC).</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sikat,
berfungsi untuk menghantarkan arus dari terminal alternator (F) ke kumparan
rotor memalui <i>slip ring </i>positif<i>, </i>dan menghantarkan arus dari
rotor koil melalui <i>slip ring </i>negatif ke terminal E alternator. </span></div>
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sikat, berfungsi sebagai tempat terpasangnya sikat dan pegas.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">10)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dioda
penyearah (<i>rectifier</i>), berfungsi untuk menyearahkan atau mengubah arus bolak-balik
(AC) yang dihasilkan kumparan stator menjadi arus searah (DC).</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">D.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Regulator
Tipe Konvensional</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Regulator
berfungsi untuk mengatur besar kecilnya arus yang masuk ke kumparan rotor (<i>rotor
coil</i>) atau untuk mengatur kuat lemahnya medan magnet pada kumparan rotor
sehingga output alternator tetap stabil (13,8 V sampai 14,8 V) meskipun putaran
mesin naik atau turun. Putaran mesin yang tinggi akan cenderung menghasilkan
tegangan yang tinggi, namun dengan adanya regulator pada saat putaran tinggi
arus yang masuk ke kumparan rotor diperkecil atau dilangsungkan ke massa
sehingga medan magnet pada kumparan rotor kecil. Saat mesin berputarlambat,
tegangan alternator akan turun, namun pada kondisi ini regulator mengatur agar
arus yang masuk ke kumparan rotor besar sehingga medan magnet pada kumparan
rotor kuat. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka tegangan output alternator akan
selalu stabil baik pada putaran rendah, sedang, maupun tinggi. Regulator tipe
konvensional atau tipe kontak point terdiri dari : 1) kumparan <i>voltage
regulator </i>yang berfungsi untuk mengatur arus yang masuk ke <i>rotor coil </i>agar
kemagnetannya bisa diatur sesuai kebutuhan sehingga tegangan output alternator
tetap konstan, tahanan kumparan tersebut sekitar 100 Ohm dan 2) kumparan <i>voltage
relay </i>yang berfungsi untuk mematikan lampu CHG dan menghubungkan arus dari
terminal B ke <i>voltage regulator</i>. Besar tahanan kumparan <i>voltage relay
</i>adalah sekitar 25 Ohm. Terminal yang terdapat pada regulator tipe ini ada
enam terminal, yaitu terminal IG, N, F, E, L, dan B.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">( Gambar Relay )</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cara
Kerja Sistem Pengisian Konvensional</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kerja
sistem pengisian untuk menghasilkan tegangan tidak lepas dari tiga hal penting
yang harus ada dalam proses penghasilan tegan gan. Pertama, adanya medan magnet
(pada rotor), kedua, adanya kumparan (stator coil), dan ketiga, adanya gerak pemotongan
medan magnet. Sebelum membahas cara kerja secara keseluruhan, akan dibahas
terlebih dahulu prisip dasar kerja regulator. Dasar kerja regulator ini merupakan
pengetahuan awal untuk memahami cara kerja sistem pengisian. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Prinsip
kerja dari sistem pengisian dengan regulator tipe konvensional terbagi menjadi
empat bagian, yaitu pada saat kunci kontak ON mesin belum hidup, mesin hidup putaran
lambat, putaran sedang, dan putaran tinggi. Berikut dijelaskan cara kerja
sistem pengisian tipe konvensional.</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Saat
kunci kontak ON, mesin belum hidup :</span></b><br />
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Arusmengalir
dari baterai ke <i>Fusible link </i>(FL), ke kunci kontak (KK) ke <i>fuse </i>ke
<i>Charge Warning Lamp </i>(CWL) ke L ke P0 ke P1 ke massa. Akibatnya lampu pengisian
menyala.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="height: 300px; left: 0px; margin-left: 2px; margin-top: 79px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 601px; z-index: -11;"><img height="300" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image012.gif" width="601" /></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pada saat yang sama,
arus dari baterai juga mengalir ke FL ke KK ke fuse ke Ig ke Pl1 ke Pl0 ke
terminal F regulator ke F alternator ke <i>rotor coil </i>(RC) ke massa. Akibatnya
pada RC timbul medan magnet.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Setelah
mesin hidup, stator coil (SC) menghasilkan arus listrik.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tegangan
dari terminal N alternator mengalir ke N regulator , ke kumparan <i>voltage relay,
</i>ke massa. Akibatnya pada kumparan voltage relay timbul meda n magnet, sehingga
terminal P0 tertarik dan menempel dengan P2. Akibatnya lampu pengisian menjadi
padam karena tidak mendapat massa.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Output
dari SC disalurkan ke diode dan disearahkan menjadi arus searah (DC) kemudian
mengalir ke B alternator kemudian ke baterai. Terjadi pengisian baterai.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Arus
dari terminal B juga mengalir ke B reg ke P2 ke P0 ke kumparan <i>voltage regulator
</i>ke massa. Akibatnya terjadi medan magnet pada kumparan <i>voltage regulator.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Karena
putaran rendah, tegangan output alternator cenderung rendah. Bila tegangan B
kurang dari 13,8 medan magnet pada kumparan voltage regulator lemah dan Pl0
tetap menempel ke Pl1 (karena adanya pegas pada Pl 0).</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Akibatnya
arus yang besar mengalir dari Ig , ke Pl1, ke Pl0, ke F regulator, ke F alternator
ke RC ke massa, maka arus yang mengalir ke RC besar dan medan magnet pada RC
kuat. Jadi, meskipun putaran lambat, output alternator tetap cukup untuk
mengisi baterai karena medan magnet pada RC kuat.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Bila
putaran mesin naik menjadi putaran sedang, maka tegangan output alternator di
terminal B akan naik juga dan arusnya mengalir ke B reg ulator ke P2 ke P0 ke kumparan
<i>voltage regulator, </i>ke massa.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">10)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Akibatnya,
medan magnet pada kumparan <i>voltage regulator </i>menjadi makin kuat dan
menarik Pl0 sehingga lepas dari Pl1 (Pl0 mengambang).</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">11)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Akibatnya,
arus dari B alternator mengalir ke Ig ke resistor (R) ke F regulator ke F alternator
ke RC ke massa. Kemagnetan pada RC melemah karena arus melewati resistor.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">12)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Meskipun
kemagnetan pada RC melemah, namun putaran naik ke putaran sedang sehingga
output alternator tetap cukup untuk mengisi baterai (tegangan antara 13,8
sampai 14,8 volt).</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">13)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Bila
putaran naik menjadi putaran tinggi, maka tegangan output pada terminal B alternator
akan cenderung makin tinggi. Bila tegangan tersebut melebihi 14,8 volt, maka
kemagnetan pada kumparan voltage regulator semakin kuat sehingga kontak Pl0
tertarik dan menempel dengan pl2.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">14)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Akibatnya
arus yang berasal dari Ig mengalir ke R ke Pl0 ke Pl2 ke massa (tidak mengalir
ke RC). Hal ini menyebabkan medan magnet pada RC <i>drop</i>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">15)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Output
dari terminal B alternator menjadi turun. Bila tegangan output kurang dari tegangan
standar (13,8 – 14,8 V) maka kemagnetan pada voltage regulator melemah lagi,
sehingga Pl0 lepas lagi dari Pl2.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">16)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Arus
dari Ig ke R kembali mengalir ke RC ke massa, sehingga medan magnet pada RC
kembali menguat sehingga tegangan output alternato r naik lagi.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">17)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Bila
tegangan di B naik lagi dan melebihi 14,8 volt, maka prosesnya berulang ke proses
no 13 di atas secara berulang -ulang dan Pl0 lepas dan menempel dengan Pl2
secara periodik sehingga output alternator menjadi stabil.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Berdasarkan cara kerja
sistem pengisian seperti dijelaskan di atas, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa
terjadinya tegangan output alternator dipengaruhi oleh tiga hal penting, yaitu </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1) adanya medan magnet
yang dihasilkan oleh <i>rotor coil</i>, </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2) adanya kumparan di
sekitar medan magnet, yaitu <i>stator coil</i>, dan </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3) adanya pemotongan medan
magnet oleh kumparan. Pemotongan medan magnet ini terjadi karena adanya putaran
poros alternator yang menyebabkan <i>rotor coil </i>berputar dan medan magnet yang
ada padanya juga berputar memotong kumparan pada <i>stator coil</i>.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Trouble Shooting pada Sistem
Pengisian Konvensional</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Beberapa
gangguan yang sering terjadi pada sistem pengisian konv ensional:</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -14.15pt;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Lampu
pengisian tidak menyala saat kunci kontak ON<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Apabila
lampu tidak menyala pada saat kunci kontak ON, maka beberapa langkah yang perlu
dilakukan adalah seperti yang dijelaskan pada diagram alir berikut.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="height: 418px; margin-left: 72px; margin-top: 0px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 466px; z-index: -8;"><img height="418" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image018.gif" width="466" /></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -14.15pt;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Lampu pengisian menyala redup saat mesin
hidup</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="height: 232px; margin-left: 46px; margin-top: 4px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 500px; z-index: -7;"><img height="232" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image020.gif" width="500" /></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br />
<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -14.15pt;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Lampu pengisian tidak mati setelah mesin
hidup</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="height: 518px; margin-left: 26px; margin-top: 6px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 557px; z-index: -6;"><img height="518" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image022.gif" width="557" /></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -14.15pt;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Lampu kadang-kadang menyala saat mesin
hidup</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="mso-ignore: vglayout; position: relative; z-index: -5;"><span style="height: 227px; left: 39px; position: absolute; top: -1px; width: 519px;"><img height="227" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image024.gif" width="519" /></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -14.15pt;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">e)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Baterai lemah atau kosong</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="height: 296px; margin-left: 52px; margin-top: 0px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 523px; z-index: -4;"><img height="296" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image026.gif" width="523" /></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -14.15pt;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">f)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pemeriksaan pada Kendaraan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="height: 204px; margin-left: 334px; margin-top: 9px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 302px; z-index: -3;"><img height="204" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image028.gif" width="302" /></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Periksa rangkaian sistem</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">pengisian tanpa beban</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br />
<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="height: 178px; margin-left: 326px; margin-top: 20px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 310px; z-index: -2;"><img height="178" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image030.gif" width="310" /></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -7.1pt;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Periksa tegangan dan
arus sistem</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">pengisian pada putaran
stasioner</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">sampai 2000 rpm. Alat
ukur harus</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">menunjukkan 13,8 sampai
14,8 V</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">(pada 25 0C) dan arus
standar</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">kurang dari 10A.</span></div>
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<br />
<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="mso-ignore: vglayout; position: relative; z-index: -1;"><span style="height: 229px; left: 297px; position: absolute; top: -14px; width: 339px;"><img height="229" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image032.gif" width="339" /></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Bila hasil pengukuran tidak sesuai</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">dengan standar, setel lidah</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">penahan pegas pada voltage</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">regulator atau ganti regulator</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">KESIMPULAN</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sistem pengisian berfungsi untuk mengisi kembali
baterai, dan <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>mensuplai arus listrik ke
seluruh sistem kelistrikan setelah mesin hidup. Komponen –komponen pada sistem
pengisian terdiri dari baterai, kunci kontak, alternator, dan regulator.
Alternator berfungsi untuk mengubah energi gerak menjadi energi listrik.
Tegangan yang dihasilkan oleh alternator bervariasi tergantung dari kecepatan
putaran dan besarnya beban. Karena tegangan alternator bervariasi akibat
putaran, maka digunakan regulator yang berfungsi untuk menjaga tegangan output
alternator tetap konstan dengan mengatur besar kecilnya arus listrik atau kuat
lemahnya medan magnet pada kumparan roto (<i>rotor coil</i>).</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Berdasarkan cara kerja sistem pengisian seperti
dijelaskan di atas, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terjadinya tegangan output
alternator dipengaruhi oleh tiga hal penting, yaitu:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1)
adanya medan magnet yang dihasilkan oleh <i>rotor coil</i>, </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2)
adanya kumparan di sekitar medan magnet, yaitu <i>stator coil</i>, dan </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3)
adanya pemotongan medan magnet oleh kumparan. Pemotongan medan magnet ini
terjadi karena adanya putaran poros alternator yang menyebabkan <i>rotor coil </i>berputar
dan medan magnet yang ada padanya juga berputar memotong kumparan pada <i>stator
coil</i>.</span></div>
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Zuqihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17970489200455384214noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6166942285596050947.post-69559983898845459562012-01-21T21:30:00.000+07:002017-11-07T19:10:21.582+07:00SISTEM PENGAPIAN KONVENSIONAL<br />
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<tbody>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">FAKULTAS
TEKNIK</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">UNIVERSITAS
NEGERI YOGYAKARTA</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;">LISTRIK DAN ELEKTRONIKA OTOMOTIF</span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">SISTEM PENGAPIAN KONVENSIONAL</span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">100
MENIT</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">OTO
31</span>8</div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">NAMA : </span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">ZUQI WARDANA</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">NIM : 0950913101</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">3</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">KELAS : </span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">M</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.3pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.3pt; line-height: 150%;">FUNGSI SISTEM PENGAPIAN</span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Sistem pengapian
(ignition system) pada automobil berfungsi untuk menaikan tegangan baterai
menjadi 10 kV atau lebih dengan mempergunakan ignition coil dan kemudian
membagi-bagikan tegangan tinggi tersebut ke masing-masing busi melalui
distributor dan kabel tegangan tinggi.</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.3pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.3pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">KOMPONEN SISTEM PENGAPIAN
KONVENSIONAL</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.3pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">A.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">Baterai</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;"> Menyediakan
arus listrik tegangan rendah untuk ignation coil. Baterai juga merupakan sumber
arus bagi sistem kelistrikan pada mobil.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">
Baterai terdiri dari beberapa komponen antara lain : Kotak baterai, terminal baterai, elektrolit
baterai, lubang elektrolit baterai,
tutup baterai dan sel baterai. Dalam satu baterai terdiri dari beberapa
sel baterai, tiap sel menghasilkan tegangan 2 - 2,2 V. Baterai 6 V terdiri dari
3 sel, dan baterai 12 V mempunyai 6 sel baterai yang dirangkai secara seri.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">B.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">Ignition Coil</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 28.35pt; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 70.9pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;"> Fungsi dari Ignition koil adalah menaikan
tegangan yang di terima dari baterai menjadi tegangan tinggi yang diperlukan
untuk pengapian. Coil pengapian terdiri dari rumah logam yang meliputi lembar
pelapis logam untuk mengurangi kebocoran medan magnet. Lilitan sekunder, yamg
mempunyai lilitan lebih kurang 20.000 lilitan kawat tembaga halus dililitkan
secara langsung ke inti besi yang dilaminasi dan disambungkan ke terminal
tegangan tinggi yang terdapat pada bagian tutup coil. Karena tegangan tinggi
diberikan pada inti besi, inti harus diisolasi oleh tutup dan insolator
tambahan diberikan di bagian dasar. Lilitan primer, terdiri dari 200-500
lilitan kawat tembaga yang relatif tebal, di tempatkan dekat dengan bagian luar
sekelililng lilitan sekunder. Panjang dan lebar kawat akan menyebabkan
resistansi lilitan primer berubah tergantung pada penggunaannya.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .1in; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 1.25in; text-align: left; text-indent: -14.15pt;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">C.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">Distributor</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .1in; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 1.25in; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;"> Distributor
berfungsi membagikan arus tegangan tinggi yang dihasilkan oleh kumparan skunder
pada ignation coil ke busi pada tiap-tiap selinder sesuai dengan urutan
pengapian. Bagian-bagian ini terdiri dari: </span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 63.8pt; margin-right: -1.6pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: .6in; text-align: left; text-indent: -14.15pt;">
<span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">Cam (nok)</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 63.8pt; margin-right: -1.6pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: .6in; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">Membuka Kontak point (platina) pada
sudut cam shaftt yang tepat untuk masing-masing selinder.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 63.8pt; margin-right: -1.6pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: .6in; text-align: left; text-indent: -14.15pt;">
<span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">Kontak point</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 63.8pt; margin-right: -1.6pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: .6in; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">Memutuskan arus listrik yang mengalir melalui
kumparan primer dari ignation coil untuk menghasilkan arus listrik tegangan
tinggi.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: -1.6pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .6in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><img alt="47" height="129" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.jpg" width="205" /></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 63.8pt; margin-right: -1.6pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: .6in; text-indent: -14.15pt;">
<span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">Capasitor (condensor)</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 63.8pt; margin-right: -1.6pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: .6in;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">Menyerap lompatan bunga api yang terjadi antara breaker point pada Saat
membuka dengan tujuan menaikan tegangan coil skunder. </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kondensor mencegah percikan bunga api pada poin-poin pada
saat poin-poin tersebut mulai membuka. Arus yang berlebihan mengalir ke dalam
kondensor pada saat poin-poin terpisah.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: -1.6pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .6in;">
<br /></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 63.8pt; margin-right: -1.6pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: .6in; text-align: left; text-indent: -14.15pt;">
<span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">Centrifugal governor advancer</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 63.8pt; margin-right: -1.6pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: .6in; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">Memajukan saat pengapian sesuai
dengan putaran mesin. Untuk mendapatkan saat pemajuan yang diperlukan saat
putaran engine naik, distributor mempunyai mekanisme sentrifugal yang terdiri
dari dua buah pemberat yang mempunyai titik tumpu di bagian bawah distributor.
Kedua pemberat ini ditahan pada dudukannya oleh pegas dan berputar dengan sumbu
distributor. Jika kecepatan putar naik, pemberat terlempar ke arah luar (karena
pengaruh gaya sentrifugal) melawan tarikan pegas dan akhirnya memajukan
bubungan kontak point.Bubungan dapat bergerak bebas pada poros distributor dan
saat pemberat bergerak ke arah luar akibat gaya sentrifugal, bubungan bergeser,
atau </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.4pt; line-height: 150%;">berputar, searah dengan perputaran
poros. Hal ini membuat bubungan kontak poin bersinggungan lebih cepat dengan
kontak poin, dengan demikian terjadilah pemajuan pengapian.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 63.8pt; margin-right: -1.6pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: .6in; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 63.8pt; margin-right: -1.6pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: .6in; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 63.8pt; margin-right: -1.6pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: .6in; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 63.8pt; margin-right: -1.6pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: .6in; text-align: left; text-indent: -14.15pt;">
<span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">Vacuum Advancer</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 63.8pt; margin-right: -1.6pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: .6in; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">Memajukan saat pengapian sesuai
dengan beban mesin (vacuum Intake manifold).</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 63.8pt; margin-right: -1.7pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -14.15pt;">
<span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.4pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">Rotor</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.4pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 63.8pt; margin-right: -1.7pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">Membagikan
arus listrik tegangan tinggi yang di hasilkan oleh ignation coil ke tiap-tiap
busi.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.4pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 63.8pt; margin-right: -1.6pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: .6in; text-align: left; text-indent: -14.15pt;">
<span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">Distributor Cap</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 63.8pt; margin-right: -1.6pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: .6in; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">Membagikan arus listrik tegangan
tinggi dari rotor ke kabel tegangan tinggi untuk masing- masing selinder.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 39.3pt; margin-right: -1.6pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: .6in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">D.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">Kabel tegangan tinggi</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .1in; tab-stops: 1.25in; text-indent: 49.65pt;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">Berfungsi mengalirkan arus listrik tegangan tinggi dari ignation coil ke
busi.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .1in; margin-left: 39.3pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 1.25in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">E.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">Busi</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .1in; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 1.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;">Berfungsi mengeluarkan
arus listrik tegangan tinggi menajdi loncatan bunga api melalui elektroda.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .1in; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 1.25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .1in; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 1.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><img alt="44" height="276" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.jpg" width="336" /></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .1in; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 1.25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .1in; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 1.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.4pt; line-height: 150%;"> Busi berguna untuk menghasilkan bunga
api dengan menggunakan tegangan tinggi yang dihasilkan oleh koil. Bunga api
yang dihasilkan oleh busi kemudian di pergunakan untuk memulai pembakaran
campuran bahan bakar dengan udara yang telah di kompresikan di dalam selinder.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .1in; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 1.25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .1in; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 1.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.4pt; line-height: 150%;"> Pada busi terdapat dua buah elektroda
yaitu elektroda tengah dan samping elektroda tengah mengalirkan arus listrik
dari distributor yang kemudian akan melompat menuju elektroda samping.Isolator
yang ada pada busi untuk mencegah bocornya arus listrik tegangan tinggi,
sehingga tetap mengalir melalui elektroda tengah dan elektroda samping terus ke
masa sambil menghasilkan bunga api dari elektroda tengah ke elektroda samping.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 7.1pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.05pt; line-height: 150%;">3.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">CARA
KERJA SISTEM PENGAPIAN KONVENSIONAL</span></b><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.05pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 14.2pt; text-indent: 21.8pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Saat
kunci kontak on, kontak pemutus tertutup, arus dari terminal positif baterai
mengalir ke kunci kontak ke terminal positif (+) koil, ke terminal negatif (-) koil, ke kontak pemutus, kemudian ke
massa. Aliran arus ke kumparan primer koil menyebabkan terjadinya kemagnetan
pada coil. Cam selalu berputar karena selama mesin hidup poros engkol
memutarkan poros nok (cam shaft) dan poros nok memutarkan distributor di mana
terdapat cam di dalamnya. Karena cam berputar, maka ada saatnya ujung cam
mendorong kontak pemutus sehingga terbuka. </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 14.2pt; text-indent: 21.8pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> Jika kontak pemutus terbuka, arus yang
mengalir ke kumparan primer seperti dijelaskan di atas terputus dengan
tiba-tiba. Akibatnya kemagnetan di sekitar koil hilang / drop dengan cepat.
Dalam teori kemagnetan, jika terjadi perubahan medan magnet di sekitar suatu
kumparan, maka pada kumparan tersebut akan terjadi tegangan induksi. Karena
saat kontak pemutus terbuka arus listrik terputus, maka medan magnet pada koil
hilang dengan cepat atau terjadi perubahan garis-garis gaya magnet dengan cepat
sehingga pada kumparan sekunder terjadi induksi tegangan. Pada kumparan primer
juga terjadi tegangan induksi. Tegangan induksi pada kumparan sekunder disebut
dengan tegangan induksi mutual sedangkan pada kumparan primer disebut tegangan
induksi diri. </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 14.2pt; text-indent: 21.8pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Tegangan
tinggi pada kumparan sekunder (10000 V atau lebih) disalurkan ke</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.05pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">distributor melalui kabel
tegangan tinggi dan dari distributor diteruskan ke tiap-tiap busi sesuai dengan
urutan penyalaannya sehingga pada busi terjadi loncatan api pada busi. Tegangan
pada kumparan primer sekitar 300 sampai 500 V disalurkan ke kondensor.
Penyerapan tegangan induksi diri oleh kondensor ini akan mengurangi loncatan
bunga api pada kontak pemutus. Efek tidak terjadinya loncatan pada kontak
pemutus adalah pemutusan arus primer yang cepat sehingga menghasilkan perubahan
garis-garis gaya magnat pada koil dengan cepat pula. </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 14.2pt; text-indent: 21.8pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Cam
yang selalu berputar menyebabkan cam kembali ke posisi bawah atau tidak
mendorong kontak pemutus sehingga pegas kontak pemutus akan bekerja mendorong
kontak pemutus sehingga kontak pemutus menutup kembali (perhatikan gambar di
atas). Pada saat ini arus dari baterai akan kembali mengalir ke kumparan primer
koil sehingga prosesnya berulang lagi (timbul medan magnet pada koil). Pada saat
kontak pemutus menutup terjadi rangkaian tertutup pada kondensor sehingga
muatan kondensor yang tadi tersimpan akan dibuang (discharge) ke massa melalui
kontak pemutus.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 14.2pt; text-indent: 21.8pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 14.2pt; text-indent: 21.8pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 14.2pt; text-indent: 21.8pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 14.2pt; text-indent: 21.8pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 14.2pt; text-indent: 21.8pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 14.2pt; text-indent: 21.8pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">4.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">PEMERIKSAAN
SISTEM PENGAPIAN KONVENSIONAL</span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pemeriksaan pendahuluan harus
dilakukan dahulu sebelum melakukan</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">prosedur diagnosa kerusakan
yang lebih luas.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><img height="246" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image008.jpg" width="374" /></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> Gambar 1.2 </span></i><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Bidang-Bidang Pemeriksaan
Sistem Pengapian.</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></i></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Periksalah semua pemasangan
kawat listrik bila terbakar, isolasinya rusak
atau terminal-terminalnya longgar.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Periksalah kabel bertegangan
tinggi bila terbakar atau isolasinya rusak dan terminal-terminalnya berkarat.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Periksalah koil pengapian
bila rusak atau olinya bocor.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Periksalah distributornya
bila sekrup-sekrupnya, kontak-kontaknya longgar, generator sinyal</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">rusak atau porosnya aus.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Periksalah tutup distributor
dan rotor bila retak, korosi atau elektroda-elektrodanya terbakar.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Periksalah busi bila
isolasinya rusak atau ada tanda-tanda korslet.</span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">a)<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pemeriksaan Sudut </span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Dwell Meter</span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengertian sudut dwell
mengacu pada sudut permutaran
distributor selama kontak point tertutup. Sudut dwell harus diatur dengan benar
sesuai spesifikasi pabrik, kalau tidak kerja system akan terganggu. Jika sudut dwell terlalu kecil (celah kontak
point terlalu besar) koil pengapian mungkin tidak mendapat cukup waktu untuk
membangkitkan medan magnit, yang akan menghasilkan tegangan sekunder yang
lemah. Jika sudut dwell terlalu besar (celah kontak point terlalu kecil)
tegangan induksi primer akan melompat diantara celah kontak point, bukannya
mengisi kapasitor, collapsenya medan magnit pada koil menjadi lambat yang akan
mengakibatkan tegangan sekunder menjadi rendah. </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Keausan poros distributor atau
mekanisme advancer dapat diidentifikasi dengan cara menaikkan putaran mesin
atau memberikan kevacuuman yang berbeda pada unit vacuum dan mencatat variasi
sudut dwell yang terbaca.
Distributoryang memiliki perbedaan lebih dari 20perlu diperbaiki. </span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;"><img height="161" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image010.jpg" width="250" /></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> Gambar 1.3 Tampilan Dwell Tester</i></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">b)<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pemeriksaan Waktu Pengapian</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></i></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Timing light digunakan untuk
memeriksa dan menyetel saat pengapian
sesuai dengan sudut putar poros engkol
dimana secara langsung berhubungan dengan posisi piston. Begitu saat pengapian
disetel, selanjutnya akan dikendalikan oleh system pengatur pegapian mekanik,
vacuum atau elektronik. Timing light
yang digunakan bersamaan dengan meter pengatur pengapian memastikan system
pemajuan pengapian bekerja sesuai dengan spesifikasi pabrik. </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></i></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><img height="177" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image012.jpg" width="255" /></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Gambar 1.4</span></i><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">
Penggunaan Timing Light</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">c)<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pemeriksaan Timing
Advance</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">P</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">engecek timing advance
bergabung baik dengan engine analyzer maupun dengan beberapa timing light. Skala dikalibrasi dalam derajat advance. Ada
saklar putar dengan posisi ‘off’ yang memungkinkan saat pengapian diatur.
Dengan memutar penuh saklar pengoperasian cahaya dapat diubah.Dengan mengubah
RPM engine atau vacuum yang diterapkan pada unit vacuum advance tanda timing
pada pulley engine akan bergerak. Saklar putar akan memungkinkan lampu sorot
menggerakkan tanda timing kembali ke posisi pengaturan saat pengapian. Meter
pengecek advance akan menunjukkan derajat
advance engine untuk kondisi
pengoprasian engine.</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">d)<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pemeriksaan K</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">oil
Pengapian</span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pemeriksaan Lilitan
Primer</span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pemeriksaan
resistansi dan kontinu harus dilakukan untuk mengetes lilitan primer. Untuk mengetes lilitan primer, bacaan
ohmmeter bawah dihubungkan pada kedua terminal primer, dan bacaannya secara
akurat dicatat. Bacaan tersebut harus
cocok dengan spesifikasi pabrik.</span></div>
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<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Contoh:</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Koil
12V – 2,5 sampai 3 Ohm</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Koil
Ballast – 1,5 sampai 2 Ohm</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Koil
Hei – 0,8 sampai 1 Ohm.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><img height="199" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image014.jpg" width="177" /></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Gambar 1.5 </span></i><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengujian
lilitan Primer</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></i></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 42.55pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Bacaan
yang benar akan menunjukkan bahwa baik rangkaian kontinu dan faktanya tidak ada yang korslet. </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 42.55pt;">
<br /></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pemeriksaan</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">
Lilitan Sekunder</span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk mengetes lilitan
sekunder maka test resistansi dan test
kontinu harus dilakukan pada lilitan sekunder. Ohmmeter (Diatur pada salah satu
rentang yang tinggi) dihubungkan diantara outlet tegangan tinggi dan salah satu
dari terminal primer. Pabrik
menentukan rentang resistansi dimana
nilai sekundernya berada. Pengaturan umum dari nilai-nilai tersebut berada diantara
9.000 dan 12.000 ohm.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><img height="217" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image016.jpg" width="163" /> </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 1.5in; text-indent: .5in;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Gambar 1.6 Pengujian lilitan sekunder</span></i></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Bacaan
yang benar pada rentang yang telah ditetapkan akan menunjukkan baik rangkaian yang lengkap dengan hubungan
yang baik pada lilitan primer, maupun lilitan-lilitan tidak korslet bersamaan.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">e)<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pemeriksaan Kondensor Pengapian</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 28.35pt; mso-add-space: auto;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ada tiga pengujian yang harus
dilakukan terhadap kondensor:</span><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 112.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">~</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kebocoran </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Þ</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> untuk memastikan arus tidak bocor
melalui bahan penyekat dielektrik. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 112.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">~</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kapasitas </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Þ</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">
untuk memeriksa keadaan plat untuk memastikan kondensor <span style="color: white;">_____________________</span>mempunya<span style="color: white;"> </span>kapasitas untuk
menyimpan semua enerji listrik.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">~</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Resistansi seri </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Þ</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">
untuk memeriksa sambungan kabel kondensor ke plat</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -14.15pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">f)<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pemeriksaan Kontak Point</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kontak
point pengapian memerlukan perawatan yang tinggi walaupun berharga murah yang sangat
penting dalam system pengapian. Jika ada keragu-raguan terhadap kontak point
segeralah ganti. Periksa permukaan kontak point, warna abu-abu menujukkan
pemakaian normal, permukaan yang berwarna biru tua terbakar menunjukkan salah
satu dari:<b></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">-<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">celah terlalu kecil.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">-<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kondensor rusak </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">-<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Lilitan koil rusak.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -7.65pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pemeriksaan lainnya:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">-<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">kekuatan pegas.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">-<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kabel listrik dan
sambungan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">-<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Celah kontak point.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">-<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Keausan poros cam
distriburtor.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -14.15pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">g)<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pemeriksaan Ballast Resistor</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ballast
resistor diperiksa dengan menggunakan ohmmeter, dua kali yaitu saat engine
masih dingin dan pada temperatur kerja.<b></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .5in; text-align: center; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><img height="176" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image018.jpg" width="281" /></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Gambar
2.1 Pengujian Ballast Resistor</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></i></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -14.15pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">h)<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pemeriksaan Kabel Tegangan Tinggi dan Tutup Distributor</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Resistansi
kabel tegangan tinggi dan tutup distributor diperiksa dengan menggunakana
ohmmeter.<b></b></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .5in; text-align: center; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><img height="177" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image020.jpg" width="290" /></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .5in; text-align: center; text-indent: -.5in;">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Gambar 2.2 Pengujian
Kabel tegangan tinggi</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></i></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .5in; text-align: center; text-indent: -.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 28.35pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Rentang
nilai resistansi kabel tegangan tinggi biasanya berkisar antara 10 – 25 K ohm,
tergantung panjangnya. Kabel yang diidentifikasi mempunyai resitansi
tinggi harus dilepas dari distributor. Terminalnya harus dilepas,
periksa dan uji kembali jika terdapat permasalahan karat. Tutup distributor harus diperiksa secara
visual untuk mengetahui keretakan, terminal yang berkarat atau rusak.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .1in; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 1.25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .1in; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 1.25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .1in; tab-stops: 1.25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .1in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: 1.25in; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">5.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">DATA HASIL PRAKTEK</span></b></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: medium none; width: 650px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 23.35pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 23.35pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.4pt;" valign="top" width="38"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">No</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 23.35pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 196.85pt;" valign="top" width="262"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Nama bagian</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 23.35pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 140.1pt;" valign="top" width="187"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Hasil</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 23.35pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 121.8pt;" valign="top" width="162"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Spesifikasi</span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 23.35pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 23.35pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.4pt;" valign="top" width="38"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 23.35pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 196.85pt;" valign="top" width="262"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Keausan sudut cam</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 23.35pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 140.1pt;" valign="top" width="187"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">baik</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 23.35pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 121.8pt;" valign="top" width="162"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 23.35pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 23.35pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.4pt;" valign="top" width="38"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 23.35pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 196.85pt;" valign="top" width="262"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kelonggaran cam
terhadap poros</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 23.35pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 140.1pt;" valign="top" width="187"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">baik</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 23.35pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 121.8pt;" valign="top" width="162"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 23.35pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 23.35pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.4pt;" valign="top" width="38"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 23.35pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 196.85pt;" valign="top" width="262"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kondisi platina</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 23.35pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 140.1pt;" valign="top" width="187"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">baik</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 23.35pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 121.8pt;" valign="top" width="162"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 23.35pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 23.35pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.4pt;" valign="top" width="38"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">4</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 23.35pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 196.85pt;" valign="top" width="262"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Terminal tutup
distributor</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 23.35pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 140.1pt;" valign="top" width="187"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Bersih</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 23.35pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 121.8pt;" valign="top" width="162"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 23.35pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 23.35pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.4pt;" valign="top" width="38"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">5</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 23.35pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 196.85pt;" valign="top" width="262"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kapasitas condensor</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 23.35pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 140.1pt;" valign="top" width="187"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">0,22 micro farad</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 23.35pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 121.8pt;" valign="top" width="162"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">0,22-0,24 microfarad</span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 94.55pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 94.55pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.4pt;" valign="top" width="38"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">6</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 94.55pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 196.85pt;" valign="top" width="262"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kabel tegangan tinggi</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">a. Silinder 1 dan 2</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">b. silinder 3 dan 4</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">c. koil</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 94.55pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 140.1pt;" valign="top" width="187"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">4,5 KΩ dan 7,5 KΩ</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">8,5 KΩ dan 4,5 KΩ</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">5 KΩ</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 94.55pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 121.8pt;" valign="top" width="162"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">5-10 KΩ</span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 94.55pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 94.55pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.4pt;" valign="top" width="38"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">7</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 94.55pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 196.85pt;" valign="top" width="262"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kondisi ignition koil</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">a.kumparan primer</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">b.kumparan sekunder</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">c.terminal tegangan
tinggi</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 94.55pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 140.1pt;" valign="top" width="187"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3,5 KΩ</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">14 KΩ</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">baik</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 94.55pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 121.8pt;" valign="top" width="162"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1-3 KΩ</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6166942285596050947" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">5-10 KΩ</span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 119.05pt; mso-yfti-irow: 8; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 119.05pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.4pt;" valign="top" width="38"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">8</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 119.05pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 196.85pt;" valign="top" width="262"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kondisi busi</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Silinder 1</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Silinder 2</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Silinder 3</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Silinder 4</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 119.05pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 140.1pt;" valign="top" width="187"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Merk denso Gap 0,8mm</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Merk denso Gap 0,8mm</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Merk denso Gap 0,8mm</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Merk denso Gap 0,8mm</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 119.05pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 121.8pt;" valign="top" width="162"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Gap 0,8mm</span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .1in; margin-left: 7.1pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 1.25in;">
<br /></div>
Zuqihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17970489200455384214noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6166942285596050947.post-69315227521257478922012-01-21T21:25:00.000+07:002012-01-21T21:25:08.842+07:00POWER WINDOW DAN WIPER WASHER<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">LAPORAN PRAKTEK </span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">LISRIK DAN ELEKTRONIKA
OTOMOTIF</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">POWER
WINDOW DAN WIPER WASHER</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="200" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/Limuny/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="200" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Add caption</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: red;"></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Disusun Oleh :</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108.0pt; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Nama : </span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Zuqi Wardana</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108.0pt; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">NIM : 0950913101</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108.0pt; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">K</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">e</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">l</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">a</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">s :
</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">M</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">PROGRAM
STUDI TEKNIK OTOMOTIF</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">FAKULTAS TEKNIK</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">UNIVERSITAS
NEGERI YOGYAKARTA</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">20</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Komponen
sistem power window</span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Sistem
<i>power window </i>terdiri dari beberapa komponen berikut:</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">a.
Regulator jendela</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">b.
Motor <i>power window</i></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">c.
Saklar utama <i>power window </i>(terdiri dari saklar <i>power window </i>dan
saklar</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">penguncian
jendela)</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">d.
Saklar-saklar <i>power window</i></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">e.
Kunci kontak</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">f.
Saklar <i>door courtesy </i>(di sisi pengemudi)</span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="305" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/Limuny/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="491" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Add caption</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">a.
Regulator jendela</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Gerakan
berputar dari motor <i>power window </i>dirubah menjadi gerakan ke atas</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">dan
ke bawah oleh regulator jendela untuk menutup dan membuka jendela. Jendela</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">didukung
oleh regulator lengan naik yang didukung oleh X-<i>arm </i>tempat dimana</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">terhubungnya
penstabil regulator. Gerakan menutup/membuka jendela adalah</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">gerakan
dari X-<i>arm</i>. Selain dari tipe X-<i>arm</i>, ada juga regulator jendela
dengan tipe</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">kabel
dan tipe satu lengan (<i>one-arm</i>)</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">b.
Motor <i>power window</i></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Motor
penggerak <i>power window </i>berputar ke depan atau arah sebaliknya</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">menggerakkan
regulator jendela untuk dirubah menjadi gerak lurus bolak-balik. Motor</span></div>
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<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">power
window </span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">terdiri dari tiga bagian: motor, gigi
dan sensor. Motor bergerak ke</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">depan
dan ke belakang dengan pengoperasian saklar. Gigi mentransmisikan</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">perputaran
motor ke regulator jendela. Sensor terdiri dari saklar batas dan sensor</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">kecepatan
untuk mengendalikan fungsi pengamanan dari jepitan.</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">c.
Saklar utama <i>power window</i></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Saklar
utama <i>power window </i>terdiri dari saklar <i>power window </i>yang
mengontrol</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">semua
sistem <i>power window </i>dan menggerakkan semua motor <i>power window </i>dan</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">saklar
penguncian jendela untuk membuat proses menutup dan membuka jendela</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">tidak
terjadi kecuali pada jendela pengemudi.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">d.
Saklar <i>power window</i></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Saklar
power window terletak pada masing-masing pintu kendaraan. Masingmasing</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">saklar
<i>power window </i>menggerakkan motor <i>power window </i>dari masing-masing</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">jendela
penumpang depan dan belakang.</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">e.
Kunci kontak</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kunci
kontak mentransmisikan sinyal ON, ACC atau LOCK ke saklar utama</span></div>
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<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">power
window. </span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Sinyal ini dipakai hanya untuk
mengontrol fungsi <i>key-off </i>dari <i>power</i></span></div>
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<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">window</span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">f.
Saklar <i>courtesy </i>pintu</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Saklar
<i>door courtesy </i>mendeteksi sinyal dari setiap pintu apakah jendela</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">penumpang
dalam posisi menutup atau membuka (pintu terbuka:ON, tutup:OFF) dan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">mentransmisikannya
ke saklar utama <i>power window </i>untuk mengendalikan fungsi keyoff.</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pada
pintu kendaraan dengan pintu jenis pintu geser memiliki komponen:</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">a.
<i>Junction </i>saklar jantan dan betina</span></div>
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<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Junction
</span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">saklar jantan dan betina yang terletak di pintu dan
bodi. Tenaga di</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">suplai
hanya jika pintu dorong tertutup. Membuka pintu dorong akan mematikan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">semua
catu daya.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Cara
kerja power window</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">a.
Fungsi membuka/menutup secara manual</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Fungsi
ini diaktifkan jika kunci kontak dalam posisi On dan saklar <i>power window</i></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">ditekan
atau ditarik setengah. Selama saklar ditekan atau ditarik setengah, relai pada</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">saklar
utama <i>power window </i>akan menggerakkan motor <i>power window </i>untuk</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">membuka
atau menutup jendela. Jika saklar <i>power window </i>berhenti ditarik atau</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">ditekan
maka relai pada saklar utama <i>power window </i>akan berhenti bekerja sehingga</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">motor
<i>power window </i>juga akan berhenti berputar dan jendela akan berhenti
bergerak.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Beberapa
model dilengkapi thermistor PTC atau penghenti rangkaian untuk mencegah</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">mengalirnya
arus yang melampui batas ke motor penggerak.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><img height="339" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/Limuny/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.gif" width="499" /></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Cara
kerja saat menutup secara manual</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ketika
kunci kontak dalam posisi ON dan saklar <i>power window </i>pada sisi</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">pengemudi
ditarik (up) setengah, arus dari baterai mengalir ke kunci kontak ke</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">kumparan
relai utama <i>power window </i>dan menuju massa. Relai utama bekerja dan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">mengaktifkan
IC pada saklar utama <i>power window</i>. Selanjutnya arus mengalir ke</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">saklar
naik sisi pengemudi dan menuju ke IC pada saklar utama <i>power window</i>. IC</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">akan
mengaktifkan transistor-transistor untuk mengalirkan arus dan membentuk</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">rangkaian
massa pada kumparan relai naik sehingga relai naik bekerja. Selanjutnya</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">arus
mengalir dari baterai menuju relai naik, ke motor <i>power window</i>, relai turun
dan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">menuju
ke massa. Motor <i>power window </i>akan berputar dan menggerakkan jendela ke</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">arah
menutup. Jika saklar naik berhenti ditarik maka transistor menjadi tidak aktif</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">sehingga
relai naik tidak bekerja dan motor behenti berputar.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Cara
kerja saat membuka secara manual</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ketika
kunci kontak dalam posisi ON dan saklar <i>power window </i>pada sisi</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">pengemudi
ditekan (down) setengah, arus dari baterai mengalir ke kunci kontak ke</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">kumparan
relai utama <i>power window </i>dan menuju massa. Relai utama bekerja dan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">mengaktifkan
IC pada saklar utama <i>power window</i>. Selanjutnya arus mengalir ke</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">saklar
turun sisi pengemudi dan menuju ke IC pada saklar utama <i>power window</i>. IC</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">akan
mengaktifkan transistor-transistor untuk mengalirkan arus dan membentuk</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">rangkaian
massa pada kumparan relai turun sehingga relai turun bekerja. Selanjutnya</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">arus
mengalir dari baterai menuju relai turun, ke motor <i>power window</i>, relai
naik dan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">menuju
ke massa. Motor <i>power window </i>akan berputar dan menggerakkan jendela ke</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">arah
membuka. Jika saklar turun berhenti ditekan maka transistor menjadi tidak aktif</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">sehingga
relai turun tidak bekerja dan motor behenti berputar.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><img height="361" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/Limuny/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image008.gif" width="554" /></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><img height="357" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/Limuny/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image010.gif" width="554" /></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">b.
Fungsi membuka/menutup otomatis sekali sentuh</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Fungsi
ini diaktifkan jika kunci kontak pada posisi ON dan saklar kontrol <i>power</i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">window
</span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">ditekan atau ditarik penuh. Meskipun saklar tidak
lagi disentuh, saklar utama</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">power
window </span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">masih tetap menggerakkan motor <i>power
window </i>sampai membuka</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">atau
menutup penuh. Motor <i>power window </i>akan berhenti jika jendela pengemudi</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">betul-betul
tertutup dan IC mendeteksi penguncian motor dari sinyal sensor kecepatan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">dan
saklar batas dari motor <i>power window </i>atau matinya rangkaian waktu. Tutup</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">otomatis
bisa berhenti dengan menekan tombol <i>power window </i>pengemudi secara</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">setengah
terbuka.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><img height="340" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/Limuny/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image012.gif" width="558" /></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Cara
kerja saat menutup sekali sentuh</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ketika
kunci kontak dalam posisi ON dan saklar <i>power window </i>pada sisi</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">pengemudi
ditarik (up) penuh, arus dari baterai mengalir ke kunci kontak ke kumparan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">relai
utama <i>power window </i>dan menuju massa. Relai utama bekerja dan
mengaktifkan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">IC
pada saklar utama <i>power window</i>. Selanjutnya arus mengalir dari baterai
ke saklar</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">naik
dan AUTO sisi pengemudi dan menuju ke IC pada saklar utama <i>power window</i>.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Rangkaian
waktu dalam IC akan menjaga kunci kontak pada posisi ON dalam waktu</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">maksimum
10 detik. IC akan mengaktifkan transistor-transistor untuk mengalirkan arus</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">dan
membentuk rangkaian massa pada kumparan relai naik sehingga relai naik</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">bekerja.
Selanjutnya arus mengalir dari baterai menuju relai naik, ke motor <i>power</i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">window</span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">,
relai turun dan menuju ke massa. Motor <i>power window </i>akan berputar dan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">menggerakkan
jendela ke arah menutup sampai sensor kecepatan dan saklar batas</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">mendeteksi
bahwa jendela sudah tertutup penuh.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Cara
kerja saat membuka sekali sentuh</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ketika
kunci kontak dalam posisi ON dan saklar <i>power window </i>pada sisi</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">pengemudi
ditekan (down) penuh, arus dari baterai mengalir ke kunci kontak ke</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">kumparan
relai utama <i>power window </i>dan menuju massa. Relai utama bekerja dan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">mengaktifkan
IC pada saklar utama <i>power window</i>. Selanjutnya arus mengalir dari</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">baterai
ke saklar turun dan AUTO sisi pengemudi dan menuju ke IC pada saklar</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">utama
<i>power window</i>. Rangkaian waktu dalam IC akan menjaga kunci kontak pada</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">posisi
ON dalam waktu maksimum 10 detik. IC akan mengaktifkan transistor-transistor</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">untuk
mengalirkan arus dan membentuk rangkaian massa pada kumparan relai turun</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">sehingga
relai turun bekerja. Selanjutnya arus mengalir dari baterai ke relai turun, ke</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">motor
<i>power window</i>, relai naik dan menuju ke massa. Motor <i>power window </i>akan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">berputar
dan menggerakkan jendela ke arah menutup sampai sensor kecepatan dan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">saklar
batas mendeteksi bahwa jendela sudah terbuka penuh.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><img height="361" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/Limuny/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image014.gif" width="567" /></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><img height="361" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/Limuny/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image016.gif" width="571" /></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Sistem
penghapus dan pembasuh kaca</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">11.2.3.1.
Komponen sistem penghapus dan pembasuh kaca</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Sistem
penghapus dan pembasuh kaca terdiri dari:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.
Lengan penggerak/bilah penghapus kaca depan dan belakang</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.
Motor penggerak dan lengan penghubung depan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3.
Nosel saluran pembasuh kaca depan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">4.
Tangki dan motor pembasuh kaca</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">5.
Saklar dan relai penghapus dan pembasuh kaca</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">6.
Lengan penggerak/bilah penghapus kaca belakang</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">7.
Motor penggerak belakang</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">8.
Relai kontrol penghapus kaca belakang</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">9.
Unit kontrol penghapus kaca</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">10.
Sensor hujan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Cara
kerja sistem penghapus dan pembasuh kaca</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Prinsip
kerja sistem penghapus dan pembasuh kaca terdiri dari beberapa tahap sesuai</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">dengan
posisi saklar penghapus dan pembasuh kaca, yaitu:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.
Saklar saklar penghapus kaca di posisi LOW / MIST</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.
Saklar penghapus kaca di posisi HIGH</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3.
Saklar penghapus kaca di posisi OFF</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">4.
Saklar penghapus kaca di posisi INT</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">5.
Saklar pembasuh kaca diputar ke ON</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">6.
Fungsi penghapus kaca area penuh</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">7.
Sensor kecepatan kendaraan, fungsi interval INT yang dapat disetel</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">8.
Fungsi pengubah kecepatan kendaraan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">9.
Fungsi pencegah tetesan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><img height="530" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/Limuny/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image018.gif" width="443" /></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Rangkaian
keliistrikan sistem penghapus dan pembasuh kaca, terdiri dari</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">baterai,
kunci kontak, motor penghapus kaca yang terangkai dengan plat nok, motor</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">pembasuh
kaca, dan sirkuit transistor, relai dan saklar variabel pada saklar penghapus</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">dan
pembasuh kaca.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.
Cara kerja saklar penghapus kaca di posisi LOW / MIST</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Jika
saklar berada di posisi kecepatan rendah, arus listrik mengalir dari baterai</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">menuju
ke kunci kontak, sekering, terminal +B, saklar penghapus dan pembasuh kaca</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">posisi
LOW/MIST, terminal +1, sikat kecepatan rendah dari motor penghapus kaca</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">selanjutnya
ke terminal E dan menuju massa. Motor berputar dengan lambat dan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">diteruskan
ke lengan penghapus kaca.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><img height="562" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/Limuny/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image020.gif" width="439" /></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.
Cara kerja saklar penghapus kaca di posisi HIGH</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Jika
saklar berada di posisi kecepatan tinggi, arus listrik mengalir dari baterai</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">menuju
ke kunci kontak, sekering, terminal +B, saklar penghapus dan pembasuh kaca</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">posisi
HIGH, terminal +2, sikat kecepatan tinggi dari motor penghapus kaca</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">selanjutnya
ke terminal E dan menuju massa. Motor berputar dengan cepat dan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">diteruskan
ke lengan penghapus kaca.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><img height="623" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/Limuny/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image022.gif" width="506" /></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3.
Cara kerja saklar penghapus kaca di posisi OFF</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Jika
saklar berada di posisi OFF saat motor penggerak bekerja, arus listrik</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">mengalir
dari baterai menuju ke kunci kontak, sekering, kontak P2, P1, terminal S</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">motor
penghapus kaca, terminal A pada relai saklar penghapus dan pembasuh kaca,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">saklar
posisi OFF, terminal +1 sikat kecepatan rendah dari motor penghapus kaca</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">selanjutnya
ke terminal E dan menuju massa. Motor berputar dengan lambat dan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">diteruskan
ke lengan penghapus kaca dan berhenti berputar saat kontak P2 dan P1</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">terputus.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><img height="576" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/Limuny/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image024.gif" width="456" /></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Cara
kerja fungsi hubungan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Rangkaian
fungsi hubungan adalah pada gambar di bawah. Konstruksi plat</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">nok
dan kontak P1, P2, dan P3 memungkinkan motor akan berhenti jika saklar</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">diposisikan
pada OFF dan kontak P2 dan P1 terputus.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><img height="438" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/Limuny/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image026.gif" width="415" /></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Dikarenakan
motor tidak langsung berhenti tetapi masih bergerak beberapa</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">waktu
sebelum berhenti maka konstruksi plat nok memungkinkan motor menghasilkan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">daya
yang berlawanan dengan elektromotif pada rangkaian terputus (motor, +1, saklar</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">OFF,
S, P1, P3, motor). Tidak adanya beda potensial pada kedua ujung motor</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">membuat
motor berhenti pada posisi yang selalu tetap.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><img height="512" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/Limuny/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image028.gif" width="475" /></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Jika
saklar penghapus kaca posisi LO, arus mengalir dari baterai menuju ke</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">saklar
posisi LO, terminal +1 motor penghapus kaca, kumparan jangkar motor,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">terminal
E penghapus kaca dan menuju massa. Akibatnya motor penghapus kaca</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">bekerja
dan lengan penghapus kaca bergerak.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><img height="512" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/Limuny/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image030.gif" width="471" /></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pada
saat saklar penghapus kaca posisi OFF dan posisi kontak P2 dan P1</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">terhubung
pada lempengan plat nok maka arus dari baterai mengalir ke terminal B</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">motor
penghapus kaca, kontak P2, kontak P1, terminal S motor penghapus kaca,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">saklar
penghapus kca posisi OFF, terminal +1 motor penghapus kaca, kumparan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">jangkar
motor, terminal E motor penghapus kaca dan menuju ke massa. Motor</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">penghpaus
kaca masih tetap berputar dan menggerakkan lengan penghapus kaca.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><img height="512" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/Limuny/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image032.gif" width="456" /></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Saat
saklar penghapus kaca masih posisi OFF dan motor tetap berputar maka</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">plat
nok menyebabkan titik kontak P3 bergerak melewati titik penghantaran pada plat</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">nok
sehingga membentuk rangkaian terputus :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kumparan
jangkar – terminal motor penghapus kaca +1 – saklar penghapus kaca</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">posisi
OFF – terminal S motor penghapus kaca – titik kontak P1 – titik kontak P3 –</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">kumparan
jangkar motor penghapus kaca. Akibatnya arus akan berhenti mengalir ke</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">rangkaian
dan motor penggerak penghapus kaca akan berhenti.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">4.
Cara kerja saklar penghapus kaca di posisi INT</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Cara
kerja penghapus kaca dengan posisi saklar pada INT tergantung dari</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">kerja
transistor Tr1 pada sirkuit transistor di dalam saklar penghapus dan pembasuh</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">kaca.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><img height="562" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/Limuny/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image034.gif" width="439" /></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Cara
kerja Tr ON</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pada
saat saklar berada di posisi INT, Tr1 pada sirkuit transistor secara</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">langsung
akan bekerja membentuk rangkaian massa untuk kumparan relai pada</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">saklar
penghapus dan pembasuh kaca. Akibatnya relai bekerja dan menarik kontak</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">relai
dari posisi A ke B. Selanjutnya arus mengalir dari baterai, kunci kontak,
sekering,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">+B,
kontak relai B, saklar posisi INT, terminal +1, sikat kecepatan rendah dari
motor</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">penghapus
kaca selanjutnya ke terminal E dan menuju massa. Motor berputar dengan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">lambat
dan diteruskan ke lengan penghapus kaca.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><img height="562" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/Limuny/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image036.gif" width="439" /></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Cara
kerja Tr OFF</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Saat
kontak P2 dan P1 terhubung maka Tr1 pada sirkuit transistor menjadi</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">OFF
menyebabkan kumparan relai pada saklar penghapus dan pembasuh kaca</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">hillang
kemagnetannya sehingga kontak relai kembali dari B ke A. Selanjutnya arus</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">mengalir
dari baterai, kunci kontak, sekering, kontak P2, P1, terminal S motor</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">penghapus
kaca, relai kontak A, saklar posisi INT, terminal +1, sikat kecepatan rendah</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">dari
motor penghapus kaca selanjutnya ke terminal E dan menuju massa. Motor</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">berputar
dengan lambat dan diteruskan ke lengan penghapus kaca. Motor akan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">berhenti
sampai posisi yang telah ditetapkan yaitu saat kontak P2 dan P1 terlepas</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">kembali
sampai Tr1 kembali ON. Dengan demikian penghapus kaca akan beroperasi</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">secara
terputus-putus.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><img height="562" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/Limuny/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image038.gif" width="439" /></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">5.
Saklar pembasuh kaca diputar ke ON</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Bila
saklar pembasuh kaca berada pada posisi ON, maka arus mengalir dari</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">baterai
menuju ke kunci kontak, sekering, motor pembasuh kaca, terminal W saklar</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">penghapus
dan pembasuh kaca, saklar posisi WASHER, terminal EW saklar</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">penghapus
dan pembasuh kaca dan menuju ke massa. Motor pembasauh kaca akan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">bekerja
menyemprotkan cairan pembersih melalui nosel pada permukaaan kaca</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><img height="562" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/Limuny/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image040.gif" width="439" /></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">6.
Sistem penghapus area penuh</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Penghapus
area penuh dibuat untuk menghapus area secara penuh dan tidak</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">tergantung
dengan kecepatan penghapus kaca. Dalam sistem penghapus kaca yang</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">normal,
bidang yang dihapus cenderung lebih besar karena kelemahan kecepatan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">penghapus
bila bekerja dalam kecepatan tinggi. Bidang yang dihapus dirancang</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">dengan
pertimbangan ini. Hasilnya bidang yang dihapus menjadi kecil, oleh karena itu</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">sisa
area menjadi besar bila penghapus kaca bekerja dalam kecepatan rendah.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Penghapus
otomatis area penuh membuat bidang yang dihapus lebih kecil/ lebih</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">besar
untuk mengurangi sisa bidang pada kecepatan rendah.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Saklar
penghapus INT, posisi LO</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Unit
kontrol penghapus membuat motor penghapus area penuh berputar</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">normal
pada posisi LO, posisi tengah tuas idle bervariasi ( a ke a') dan titik tumpu</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">bervariasi
( b ke b') pada saat yang sama. Hasilnya bilah penghapus bergerak dari</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">posisi
persiapan ke posisi LO. Setelah itu penghapus bekerja berganti-ganti atau</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">dalam
kecepatan rendah/tinggi.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Posisi
saklar penghapus HI</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Bila
saklar penghapus diarahkan ke posisi HI, maka motor penghapus area</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">penuh
berputar normal dari posisi LO dan posisi tengah dari tuas idle dan titik tumpu</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">bervariasi
( a' ke a, b' ke b", c' ke c"). Hasilnya kedua sudut penghapusan
untuk posisi</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">stop
dan posisi putaran balik menjadi berkurang. Saat ini bilah penghapus menjadi</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">lambat
. Ia bekerja melewati posisi stop dan posisi putaran balik. Penghapus bekerja</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">berganti
ganti dalam kecepatan rendah/tinggi.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">7.
Sensor kecepatan kendaraan, fungsi interval INT yang dapat disetel</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Berfungsi
mengontrol waktu interval pengahapusan sesuai dengan kecepatan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">kendaraan
bila saklar penghapus kaca dalam posisi INT. Waktu interval disetel dalam</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3
langkah yaitu saat kendaraan berhenti, kecepatan di bawah 20 km/jam dan antara</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">20-40
km/jam, yang dapat dipilih dengan mengoperasikan penyetel interval. Setelah</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">waktu
interval diseteal untuk posisi lambat dan cepat maka seterusnya saat posisi</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">saklar
pada INT , penghapusan akan bekerja sesua interval secara otomatis pada</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">berbagai
kecepatan kendaraan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">8.
Fungsi pengubah kecepatan kendaraan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Fungsi
ini merupakan saklar otomatis yang akan bekerja bergantian bila saklar</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">posisi
penghapus kaca pada kondisi LO dan kendaraan berjalan atau berhenti. Keadaan
jalan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Bila
kendaraan sedang berjalan dan saklar pada posisi LO, berhentinya</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">kendaraan
membuat penghapus bekerja dua kali, dan kemudian berpindah ke</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">gerakan
berganti-ganti dengan waktu interval kurang lebih 2,5 detik.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Keadaan
berhenti</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Bila
kendaraan berhenti dan rem parkir dalam keadaan OFF dan posisi tuas</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">pemindah
berada di posisi selain "P" atau "N", penghapus kaca yang
bekerja dari</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">posisi
INT atau posisi HI ke posisi LO membuat penghapus kaca bekerja 3 kali dalam</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">kecepatan
rendah, kemudian secara otomatis pindah ke gerakan berganti-ganti</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">dengan
waktu interval kurang lebih 2,5 detik.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">9.
Fungsi pencegah tetesan</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Saat
bilah penghapus kaca bergerak untuk memberihkan permukaan kaca</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">biasanya
masih ada tetesan air yang menetes di permukaan kaca. Dengan fungsi ini</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">bila
penghapus kaca berada dalam posisi OFF atau INT, maka memutar saklar ke</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">posisi
ON untuk waktu 0,2 detik atau lebih cepat membuat pembasuh kaca bekerja.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Bila
saklar pembasuh kaca kembali ke posisi OFF, maka penghapus kaca akan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">bekerja
serentak tiga kali dengan kecepatan rendah. Kurang lebih dalam tempo 3-7</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">detik
tergantung kecepatan kendaraan, setelah menyelesaikan tugasnya, penghapus</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">kaca
bekerja sekali lagi untuk membasuh cairan pembasuh yang menetes sisa dari</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">penghapusan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><img height="518" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/Limuny/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image042.gif" width="415" /></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">10.
Fungsi sensor hujan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Saat
saklar penghapus kaca berada pada posisi AUTO, sensor hujan akan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">mendeteksi
volume air hujan pada permukaan kaca dan menentukan kecepatan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">penghapusan
air di permukaan kaca tersebut. Sensor ini terdiri dari LED (<i>light emitting</i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">diode</span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">)
yang memancarkan sinar infra merah dan <i>photo diode </i>yang menerima</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">pancaran
sinar tersebut. Cara mendeteksinya berdasarkan sinar infra merah yang</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">dipantulkan
oleh kaca depan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Bila
tidak ada titik-titik hujan yang terdeteksi oleh sinar infra merah yang</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">memancar
dari LED sehingga tidak ada yang memantul dari kaca depan dan diterima</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">oleh
photo diode maka rekaman sensor hujan akan mengisi jarak antara lensa dan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">kaca
depan. Bila hujan turun di area yang dideteksi, pancaran sinar infra merah</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">memantulkan
perubahan yang terjadi di sebelah luar kaca depan karena adanya hujan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">yang
turun, kemudian mengurangi jumlah sinar infra merah yang diterima oleh photo</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">diode.
Jumlah pengurangan ini yang dipakai untuk mendeteksi volume hujan yang</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">turun
selanjutnya ditentukan kecepatan penghapusan kaca seuai kebutuhan. Bila</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">terjadi
gangguan saat pendeteksian, fungsi ini memungkinkan sistem penghapus kaca</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">bekerja
normal menggunakan saklar posisi LO dan HIGH atau berdasarkan fungsi</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">perubahan
kecepatan kendaraan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><img height="478" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/Limuny/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image044.gif" width="435" /></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>Zuqihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17970489200455384214noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6166942285596050947.post-39341355959598075132012-01-21T21:20:00.000+07:002012-01-21T21:23:58.533+07:00SISTEM PENERANGAN<br />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">LAPORAN PRAKTEK </span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">LISRIK DAN ELEKTRONIKA OTOMOTIF</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">SISTEM PENERANGAN</span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: red;"><img height="191" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.jpg" width="189" /></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Disusun Oleh :</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Nama : </span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Zuqi Wardana</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">NIM :
0950913101</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">K</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">e</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">l</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">a</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">s : </span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">M</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">PROGRAM
STUDI TEKNIK OTOMOTIF</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">FAKULTAS TEKNIK</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">UNIVERSITAS
NEGERI YOGYAKARTA</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">20</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">SISTEM
PENERANGAN</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Penerangan
yang digunakan di kendaraan diklasifikasikan berdasarkan tujuannya: untuk
penerangan, untuk tanda atau informasi. Contoh, lampu depan digunakan untuk
penerangan di malam hari, lampu tanda belok untuk memberitahukan kendaraan lain
atau pejalan kaki bahwa kendaraan akan membelok dan lampu belakang untuk
informasi posisi keberadaan mobil. Selain sistem penerangan secara umum,
kendaraan dilengkapi dengan berbagai macam fungsi tergantung kelas kendaraan
dan di negara mana kendaraan tersebut beroperasi.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">A.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Komponen
Sistem Penerangan</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Sistem
lampu depan</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Sistem lampu depan
sering disebut dengan nama lain seperti lampu kepala atau lampu besar. Lampu
depan digunakan untuk penerangan pada malam hari ataukondisi gelap. Sistem
lampu depan terdiri dari sekering lampu kepala, saklar kontrol lampu, saklar
dim, indikator lampu jauh dan lampu-lampu besar. Beberapa tipe menggunakan
relai lampu kepala dan atau relai kombinasi. Relai lampu depan diaktifkan oleh
saklar kontrol lampu sedangkan relai kombinasi diaktifkan oleh saklar dim.
Saklar kontrol lampu memiliki posisi OFF, TAIL, HEAD. Saklar dim memiliki
posisi LOW, HIGH dan FLASH. Secara umum, lampu kepala diaktifkan dengan
menyalakan saklar kontrol lampu pada posisi HEAD. Khusus untuk FLASH dapat
diaktifkan meskipun saklar kontrol lampu pada posisi OFF. Lampu flash merupakan
lampu kepala jauh yang diaktifkan tanpa melalui saklar kontrol lampu. Lampu ini
berfungsi untuk meminta perhatian pemakai jalan lain yang berada di depan
kendaran dengan arah berlawanan kita. Fungsi ini hampir menyerupai klakson
namun sedikit berbeda penggunaannya terutama menyangkut waktu dimana klakson
jarang digunakan pada malam hari demi etika di jalan raya dan sebagai gantinya
digunakan lampu flash.</span></div>
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<span style="height: 258px; left: 0px; margin-left: 113px; margin-top: 12px; position: absolute; width: 408px; z-index: -13;"><img height="258" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif" width="408" /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Lampu Kota</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Lampu
kota atau disebut juga lampu posisi depan dan belakang merupakan lampu yang
berfungsi untuk penerangan dalam kondisi senja atau fajar dimana kondisi cahaya
di sekitar kendaraan tidak begitu gelap. Lampu ini memberi peringatan terhadap
lingkungan sekitar akan keberadaan kendaraan. Lampu kota terdiri dari komponen
lampu posisi depan dan belakang dan saklar kontrol lampu. Saklar kontrol lampu
kota merupakan saklar yang sama untuk lampu kepala. Lampu kota dapat diaktifkan
dengan menyalakan saklar kontrol lampu pada posisi TAIL yaitu dengan memutar
saklar kontrol lampu satu <i>step</i>. Pada <i>step </i>kedua baru digunakan
untuk menyalakan lampu kepala. Beberapa model memiliki sistem lampu belakang
yang dilengkapi dengan indikator lampu belakang.</span></div>
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<span style="height: 256px; left: 0px; margin-left: 87px; margin-top: 15px; position: absolute; width: 434px; z-index: -12;"><img height="256" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.gif" width="434" /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Lampu Tanda
Belok dan Tanda Bahaya</span></div>
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<span style="height: 158px; left: 0px; margin-left: 42px; margin-top: 148px; position: absolute; width: 178px; z-index: -11;"><img height="158" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image008.gif" width="178" /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Lampu tanda belok
memberitahukan kepada pengguna jalan lain di sekitar kendaraan akan sinyal
bahwa kendaraan akan membelok. Lampu akan berkedip saat saklar tanda belok
dinyalakan. Lampu tanda belok terdiri dari kunci kontak, saklar tanda belok,
flasher yang akan mengontrol arus yang menuju lampu secara terputusputus, buzzer
untuk memberi tanda peringatan suara pada pengemudi saat lampu tanda belok
aktif, lampu tanda belok dan lampu peringatan tanda belok pada meter kombinasi.</span></div>
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<span style="height: 120px; left: 0px; margin-left: 423px; margin-top: 1px; position: absolute; width: 190px; z-index: -9;"><img height="120" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image010.gif" width="190" /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Saklar lampu tanda
bahaya ditandai dengan sebuah lambang segitiga dengan garis ganda dengan tombol
berwarna merah dan terletak secara terpisah dengan saklar lampu tanda belok.
Meskipun saklarnya terpisah, lampu landa belok dan tanda bahaya menggunakan
satu flasher yang sama.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">B.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Cara
Kerja</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Tipe
relai lampu depan dengan relai kombinasi</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">a)<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Cara
kerja lampu dekat (LO-beam)</span></div>
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<span style="height: 270px; left: 0px; margin-left: 99px; margin-top: 159px; position: absolute; width: 458px; z-index: -7;"><img height="270" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image016.gif" width="458" /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pada saat saklar
kontrol lampu pada posisi HEAD dan saklar dim pada posisi LOW, arus mengalir
dari baterai menuju sekering lampu kepala, kumparan pada relai lampu kepala,
saklar kontrol lampu, saklar dim dan menuju massa sehingga relai lampu depan
akan bekerja. Selanjutnya arus dari baterai mengalir ke sekering, relai lampu
kepala, relai dim (kombinasi), lampu kepala dekat dan menuju ke massa sehingga
lampu dekat menyala.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">b)<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Cara
kerja lampu jauh (HI-beam)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pada
saat saklar kontrol lampu pada posisi HEAD dan saklar dim pada posisi HIGH,
arus mengalir dari baterai menuju sekering lampu kepala, relai lampu kepala, saklar
kontrol lampu, saklar dim dan menuju massa sehingga relai lampu depan akan bekerja.
Selain itu arus juga mengalir dari baterai menuju sekering lampu kepala, relai lampu
kepala, kumparan pada relai kombinasi, saklar dim dan menuju ke massa sehingga
relai kombinasi bekerja. Selanjutnya arus dari baterai mengalir ke sekering, relai
lampu kepala, relai dim (kombinasi), lampu kepala jauh dan lampu indikator jauh
menuju ke massa sehingga lampu kepala jauh dan indikator lampu kepala jauh menyala.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">c)<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Cara
kerja lampu depan FLASH</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pada saat saklar
kontrol lampu pada posisi FLASH, arus mengalir dari baterai menuju sekering
lampu kepala, relai lampu kepala, saklar dim dan menuju massa sehingga relai
lampu depan akan bekerja. Selain itu arus juga mengalir dari baterai menuju
sekering lampu kepala, relai lampu kepala, kumparan pada relai kombinasi, saklar
dim dan menuju ke massa sehingga relai kombinasi bekerja. Selanjutnya arus dari
baterai mengalir ke sekering, relai lampu kepala, relai dim (kombinasi), lampu kepala
jauh dan lampu indikator jauh menuju ke massa sehingga lampu kepala jauh dan
indikator lampu kepala jauh menyala.</span></div>
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<span style="position: relative; z-index: -5;"><span style="height: 262px; left: 86px; position: absolute; top: -34px; width: 454px;"><img height="262" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image020.gif" width="454" /></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">d)<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Lampu Kota</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Cara
kerja lampu belakang</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1)<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Tipe
terhubung langsung tanpa relai Pada saat saklar kontrol lampu pindah ke posisi
TAIL, arus mengalir dari baterai menuju sekering, saklar kontrol lampu, lampu
belakang dan menuju ke massa sehingga lampu belakang menyala.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2)<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Tipe
dengan relai lampu belakang</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pada
saat saklar kontrol lampu pindah ke posisi TAIL, arus listrik mengalir dari baterai,
sekering, kumparan pada relai lampu belakang, saklar kontrol lampu dan menuju
ke massa sehingga relai lampu belakang bekerja. Akibatnya arus mengalir dari
baterai, sekering, lampu belakang dan menuju ke massa sehingga lampu belakang
menyala.</span></div>
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<span style="height: 285px; left: 0px; margin-left: 105px; margin-top: 12px; position: absolute; width: 466px; z-index: -4;"><img height="285" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image022.gif" width="466" /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">e)<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Cara
kerja lampu tanda belok dengan flasher tipe IC</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1)<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Saat
saklar tanda belok diposisikan ke kiri Pada saat saklar tanda belok di posisi
kiri, kondisi antara terminal EL dari flasher lampu tanda belok dan massa akan
berkelanjutan sehingga mengaktifkan transistor dan relai sisi kiri. Selanjutnya
arus dari baterai menuju sekering utama, terminal +B flasher, kumparan relai
kiri, transistor, massa. Sehingga relai kiri pada flasher bekerja dan arus
mengalir ke terminal LL menuju lampu indikator belok kiri.</span></div>
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<span style="height: 271px; left: 0px; margin-left: 106px; margin-top: 11px; position: absolute; width: 456px; z-index: -3;"><img height="271" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image024.gif" width="456" /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2)<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Saat
saklar tanda belok diposisikan ke kanan</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pada saat saklar tanda
belok di posisi kanan, kondisi antara terminal ER dari flasher lampu tanda
belok dan massa akan berkelanjutan sehingga mengaktifkan transistor dan relai
sisi kanan. Selanjutnya arus dari baterai menuju sekering utama, terminal +B
flasher, kumparan relai kanan, transistor, massa. Sehingga relai kanan pada
flasher bekerja dan arus mengalir ke terminal LR menuju lampu tanda belok dan indikator
tanda belok kanan.</span></div>
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<span style="height: 283px; left: 0px; margin-left: 106px; margin-top: 3px; position: absolute; width: 446px; z-index: -2;"><img height="283" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image026.gif" width="446" /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">f)<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Cara
kerja lampu tanda bahaya</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pada saat saklar lampu
tanda bahaya di posisi ON, kondisi antara terminal EHW dari flasher lampu tanda
belok dan massa akan berkelanjutan sehingga mengaktifkan transistor dan relai
sisi kanan dan kiri. Selanjutnya arus dari baterai menuju sekering utama,
terminal +B flasher, kumparan relai kanan dan kiri, transistor, massa. Sehingga
relai kanan dan kiri pada flasher bekerja dan arus mengalir ke terminal LR dan
LL menuju lampu tanda belok dan indikator tanda belok kanan dan kiri.</span></div>
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<span style="height: 276px; left: 0px; margin-left: 104px; margin-top: 9px; position: absolute; width: 456px; z-index: -1;"><img height="276" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/xxx/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image028.gif" width="456" /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>Zuqihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17970489200455384214noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6166942285596050947.post-75002740656605507442011-11-28T21:07:00.001+07:002012-01-21T21:26:19.807+07:00SISTEM PENGISIAN (ALTERNATOR)<br />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">LAPORAN PRAKTEK</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">SISTEM PENGISIAN (ALTERNATOR)</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">LISTRIK DAN ELEKTRONIKA OTOMOTIF</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;">Disusun oleh:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">NAMA: ZUQI WARDANA</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">NIM: 09509131013</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">KELAS: M</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;">PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK OTOMOTIF</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;">FAKULTAS TEKNIK</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;">UNIVERSITAS NEGERI YOGYAKARTA</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 115%;">201</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 115%;">1</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><img alt="UNY" height="129" src="file:///C:/Users/INKAI_%7E1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.jpg" width="129" /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16pt;">FAKULTAS
TEKNIK</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16pt;">UNIVERSITAS
NEGERI YOGYAKARTA</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">LAPORAN
PRAKTEK LISTRIK DAN ELEKTRONIKA OTOMOTIF</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">SISTEM
PENGISIAN</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">ALTERNATOR</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">100 menit</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">A.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">KOMPETENSI</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Setelah
melaksanaka praktek, mahasiswa diharapkan dapa:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Memeriksa
komponen sistem pengisian alternator.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">2.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Merangkai
sistem pengisian alternator.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">3.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Memeriksa
sistem pengisian alternator.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">B.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">DASAR
TEORI</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Pembangkitan arus AC (<i>alternating
current</i>) satu fasa. Gambar di bawah memperlihatkan prinsip dasar
alternator. Alternator adalah generator untuk menghasilkan arus bolak-balik.
Pada alternator, kumparan yang diam berada di luar dan mengitari medan magnet
yang berputar. Jika magnet berputar, maka arah (kutub) magnet yang diterima
oleh kumparan (penghantar) akan berubah -ubah. Hal ini menyebabkan terjadi
tegangan induksi pada penghantar yang arahnya juga berubah - ubah. Makin tinggi
putaran, maka tegang an induksi pada penghantar tersebut makin tinggi.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><img height="231" src="file:///C:/Users/INKAI_%7E1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.gif" width="274" /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">KOMPONEN-KOMPONEN</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Alternator</span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><img height="182" src="file:///C:/Users/INKAI_%7E1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image008.gif" width="624" /></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><img height="285" src="file:///C:/Users/INKAI_%7E1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image010.gif" width="374" /></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Alternator
berfungsi untuk mengubah energi mekanik (putar) menjadi energy listrik.Pada
bagian belakang alternator terdapat beberapa terminal. Terminal-terminal tersebut
adalah terminal E, F, N (atau ada juga yang menuliskan terminal N dengan menggunakan
notasi P) dan B alternator. Ada juga alternator dengan terminal E, F, N, A, dan
B. Terminal A pada alternator ini dapat dihubungkan dengan terminal B pada
regulator. Regulator yang digunakan dalam sistem pengisian konvensional ini
adalah regulator model kumparan dan kontak poin untuk mengatur arus yang masuk
ke <i>rotor</i> <i>coil </i>sehingga tegangan alternator stabil . Alternator
terdiri dari banyak komponen.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> Komponen-komponen pendukung alternator dapat
dil ihat pada gambar di bawah.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><img height="510" src="file:///C:/Users/INKAI_%7E1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image012.gif" width="624" /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Fungsi
masing-masing komponen alternator adalah sebagai berikut.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1. Puli, berfungsi untuk
meneruskan tenaga putar dari poros engkol (melalui tali kipas) ke poros
alternator (rotor).</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">2. Kipas, berfungsi untuk
mendinginkan komponen -komponen yang ada di dalam alternator.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">3. Spacer, berfungsi untuk
memberi jarak antara kipas dan bantalan sehingga kipas tidak menggesek rangka
depan.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">4. Rangka depan dan belakang,
berfungsi untuk dudukan bantalan depa n dan belakang serta sebagai penutup
bagian depan dan belakang alternator.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">5. Bantalan atau <i>bearing</i>,
berfungsi untuk mengurangi gesekan antara poros rotor dengan rumah depan dan
rumah belakang alternator.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">6. Kumparan rotor (<i>rotor coil</i>),
berfungsi untuk menghasi lkan medan magnet pada alternator.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">7. Kumparan stator (<i>stator
coil</i>), berfungsi untuk membangkitkan tegangan bolak - balik (AC).</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">8. Sikat, berfungsi untuk
menghantarkan arus dari terminal alternator (F) ke kumparan rotor memalui <i>slip
ring </i>positif<i>, </i>dan menghantarkan arus dari rotor koil melalui <i>slip
ring </i>negatif ke terminal E alternator.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">9. Dudukan sikat, berfungsi
sebagai tempat terpasangnya sikat dan pegas.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">10. Dioda penyearah (<i>rectifier</i>),
berfungsi untuk menyearahkan atau mengubah arus</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 72.75pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">bolak-balik (AC) yang dihasilkan
kumparan stator menjadi arus searah (DC).</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Berikut ini dijelaskan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">proses
penyearahan arus AC yang dihasilkan oleh kumparan stator.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><img height="511" src="file:///C:/Users/INKAI_%7E1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image014.gif" width="519" /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><img height="285" src="file:///C:/Users/INKAI_%7E1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image016.gif" width="567" /></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Pada gambar di atas, misalnya
kumparan yang menghasilkantegangan adalah kumparan A dan B (dalam kondisi ini
kumparan A dan B berhubungan secara seri). Jika pada ujung kumparan C
menghasilkan tegangan dengan polaritas positif dan pada ujung kumparan A
polaritasnya negatif, maka arus akan mengalir dari ujung kumparan C menuju
dioda dan mengalir ke terminal positif baterai, ke terminal negatif baterai, ke
dioda, kemudian ke ujung kumparan A. Apabila sekarang tegangan dihasilkan pada
kumparan B dan C ,gambar (b), dan ujung
kumparan B menghasilkan tegangan dengan polaritas positif dan ujung terminal C
polaritasnya negatif, maka arus akan mengalir dari ujung kumparan B ke dioda,
ke positif baterai, ke negatif baterai, ke dioda, kemudian ke ujung kumparan C.
Meskipun dalam keadaan ini ujung kumparan C negatif, namun arus tetap mengalir
ke terminal positif baterai.</span></div>
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">KESIMPULAN </span></li>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Bahwa pada sistem pengisian pada
alternator tegangan bolak balik yang
dihasilkan kumparan stator akan dialirkan dengan arah yang tetap sama (searah)
ke dalam baterai. Jadi, jelaslah bahwa fungsi dioda pada sistem ini sebagai
penyearah atau pengubah arus bolak-balik menjadi arus searah. </span></div>Zuqihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17970489200455384214noreply@blogger.com0